van Oers H A, Haverman L, Limperg P F, van Dijk-Lokkart E M, Maurice-Stam H, Grootenhuis M A
Pediatric Psychosocial Department, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Room A3-241, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,
Matern Child Health J. 2014 Oct;18(8):1993-2002. doi: 10.1007/s10995-014-1445-8.
We aimed to determine the levels of anxiety and depression in mothers and fathers of a chronically ill child (0-18 years) and to study which parental and child variables are associated with anxiety and depression. In a cross-sectional design, anxiety and depression were assessed with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Scores were compared to a Dutch reference group by analysis of variance and logistic regression analysis. Linear regression analyses were performed to examine which variables were associated with anxiety and depression. Mothers of a chronically ill child (n = 566) scored significantly higher than the reference group (p < .001) on anxiety (Mean 5.9 vs 4.8) and depression (Mean 4.5 vs 3.1). Fathers (n = 123) had higher depression scores (Mean 4.5 vs 3.6; p < .05), but fathers' anxiety scores were comparable to the reference group. The percentages of mothers in the clinical range of anxiety (31.8 vs 20.7 %, OR 2.03, 95 % CI 1.46-2.83) and depression (23.0 vs 12.0 %, OR 2.76, 95 % CI 1.84-4.13) were higher (p < .001) than in the reference group. No differences were found for fathers in the clinical range for anxiety and depression. Practical problems in daily life (a: β = .33, d: β = .25) and parenting stress (a: β = .30, d: β = .32) showed the strongest association with anxiety and depression for parents as a group. Illness-related characteristics of the child were not related. Parents of a chronically ill child, especially mothers, reported high levels of anxiety and depression. Awareness about parental anxiety and depression in pediatrics is important as well as targeted interventions.
我们旨在确定慢性病患儿（0至18岁）的父母的焦虑和抑郁水平，并研究哪些父母及孩子的变量与焦虑和抑郁相关。在一项横断面设计中，使用医院焦虑抑郁量表评估焦虑和抑郁情况。通过方差分析和逻辑回归分析将得分与荷兰参照组进行比较。进行线性回归分析以检验哪些变量与焦虑和抑郁相关。慢性病患儿的母亲（n = 566）在焦虑方面（均值5.9对4.8）和抑郁方面（均值4.5对3.1）的得分显著高于参照组（p <.001）。父亲（n = 123）的抑郁得分较高（均值4.5对3.6；p <.05），但父亲的焦虑得分与参照组相当。处于焦虑临床范围的母亲百分比（31.8%对20.7%，OR 2.03，95%CI 1.46 - 2.83）和抑郁临床范围的母亲百分比（23.0%对12.0%，OR 2.76，95%CI 1.84 - 4.13）高于参照组（p <.001）。在焦虑和抑郁临床范围方面，未发现父亲之间存在差异。作为一个群体，父母在日常生活中的实际问题（a：β =.33，d：β =.25）和育儿压力（a：β =.30，d：β =.32）与焦虑和抑郁的关联最强。孩子的疾病相关特征并无关联。慢性病患儿的父母，尤其是母亲，报告了高水平的焦虑和抑郁。儿科领域对父母焦虑和抑郁的认知以及针对性干预都很重要。
