Merz Eva-Maria, Jak Suzanne
Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute, The Hague, The Netherlands.
University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Adv Life Course Res. 2013 Sep;18(3):212-22. doi: 10.1016/j.alcr.2013.05.002. Epub 2013 May 23.
This paper intends to gain insight into the role of childhood relationships and experiences within the parental home for the formation and meaning of later family relationships and loneliness. Particularly, childhood attachment to mother and father and stressful childhood experiences were studied in their association with satisfaction in the romantic relationship, the quality of adult family ties and the perceived quality of the social network, i.e. loneliness in adulthood. Based on data from the Netherlands Kinship Panel Study (N=3980) structural equation models were estimated to predict adult relationships and loneliness with childhood experiences. Positive attachment experiences with parents, such as reliability, closeness and supportiveness during childhood were associated with greater satisfaction in the romantic relationship, stronger family ties and less loneliness, whereas stressful childhood experiences, such as conflicts and violence negatively predicted the quality of adult relationships. Life span theoretical perspectives, such as attachment theory are discussed as useful unifying framework to study social relationships, their interconnectedness and association with outcome during all phases of life.
本文旨在深入了解童年时期在父母家中的人际关系和经历对后来家庭关系的形成及意义以及孤独感的作用。具体而言，研究了童年时期对母亲和父亲的依恋以及童年的压力经历与浪漫关系满意度、成年家庭关系质量和社交网络感知质量（即成年后的孤独感）之间的关联。基于荷兰亲属关系面板研究的数据（N = 3980），估计了结构方程模型，以用童年经历预测成年关系和孤独感。童年时期与父母的积极依恋经历，如可靠性、亲密感和支持性，与浪漫关系中更高的满意度、更强的家庭关系和更少的孤独感相关，而童年的压力经历，如冲突和暴力，则对成年关系质量产生负面预测。依恋理论等毕生发展理论视角被讨论为研究社会关系、它们的相互联系以及与人生各阶段结果的关联的有用统一框架。
