Ihalainen Johanna K, Vuorimaa Timo, Puurtinen Risto, Hämäläinen Ismo, Mero Antti A
1Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland; 2Haaga-Helia University of Applied Sciences, Vierumäki, Finland; and 3Finnish Athletics Federation, Helsinki, Finland.
J Strength Cond Res. 2014 Oct;28(10):2786-92. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000470.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ingestion of fluids with different carbohydrate concentrations (0, 1.5, and 7%) on the acute immune stress responses after high-intensity long-distance running. Continuous 18- to 20-km run was performed at 75% of maximal oxygen uptake with carbohydrate supplementation (CHO7%, 7% carbohydrate solution) and low-carbohydrate supplementation (lowCHO1.5%, 1.5% carbohydrate solution) in a randomized, double-blind, placebo (PLA) controlled design. Seven recreational runners (4 men and 3 women) completed all 3 trials. Blood was collected at baseline (PRE) and immediately after the run (POST). The running task induced significant (p ≤ 0.05) increases in leukocyte (white blood cells), neutrophil, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) counts in every trial. There was a significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in cortisol with PLA and lowCHO1.5% but not with CHO7%. Increase in total leukocyte and neutrophil concentration was significantly lower with CHO7% compared with PLA (p ≤ 0.05). Postexercise IL-6 levels were significantly elevated when compared with baseline in all conditions (p ≤ 0.05). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentrations did not differ significantly between trials. LowCHO1.5% sport drink did not significantly differ from PLA in measured variables, which indicated that the amount and rate of carbohydrate ingestion (15 g, 10 g·h) in low-carbohydrate sport drink was not enough to significantly protect from the stress induced by high-intensity long-distance running, whereas the ingestion of CHO7% (45 g·h) blunted the significant cortisol response and significantly decreased the leukocyte response.
本研究的目的是调查摄入不同碳水化合物浓度（0%、1.5%和7%）的液体对高强度长跑后急性免疫应激反应的影响。在一项随机、双盲、安慰剂（PLA）对照设计中，以最大摄氧量的75%进行持续18至20公里的跑步，并补充碳水化合物（CHO7%，7%碳水化合物溶液）和低碳水化合物补充剂（lowCHO1.5%，1.5%碳水化合物溶液）。七名休闲跑步者（4名男性和3名女性）完成了所有三项试验。在基线（PRE）和跑步后立即（POST）采集血液。在每项试验中，跑步任务均导致白细胞（白细胞）、中性粒细胞和白细胞介素-6（IL-6）计数显著（p≤0.05）增加。PLA和lowCHO1.5%组的皮质醇显著（p≤0.05）升高，但CHO7%组未升高。与PLA相比，CHO7%组的总白细胞和中性粒细胞浓度增加显著更低（p≤0.05）。在所有情况下，运动后IL-6水平与基线相比均显著升高（p≤0.05）。各试验之间白细胞介素-6（IL-6）浓度无显著差异。lowCHO1.5%运动饮料在测量变量方面与PLA无显著差异，这表明低碳水化合物运动饮料中碳水化合物的摄入量和摄入速率（15克，10克·小时）不足以显著抵御高强度长跑引起的应激，而摄入CHO7%（45克·小时）可减弱显著的皮质醇反应并显著降低白细胞反应。
