Nieman D C, Davis J M, Henson D A, Walberg-Rankin J, Shute M, Dumke C L, Utter A C, Vinci D M, Carson J A, Brown A, Lee W J, McAnulty S R, McAnulty L S
Department of Health, Fischer Hamilton/Nycom Biochemistry Laboratory, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina 28608, USA.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2003 May;94(5):1917-25. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01130.2002. Epub 2003 Jan 17.
Sixteen experienced marathoners ran on treadmills for 3 h at approximately 70% maximal oxygen consumption (Vo(2 max)) on two occasions while receiving 1 l/h carbohydrate (CHO) or placebo (Pla) beverages. Blood and vastus lateralis muscle biopsy samples were collected before and after exercise. Plasma was analyzed for IL-6, IL-10, IL-1 receptor agonist (IL-1ra), IL-8, cortisol, glucose, and insulin. Muscle was analyzed for glycogen content and relative gene expression of 13 cytokines by using real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Plasma glucose and insulin were higher, and cortisol, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-1ra, but not IL-8, were significantly lower postexercise in CHO vs. Pla. Change in muscle glycogen content did not differ between CHO and Pla (P = 0.246). Muscle cytokine mRNA content was detected preexercise for seven cytokines in this order (highest to lowest): IL-15, TNF-alpha, IL-8, IL-1beta, IL-12p35, IL-6, and IFN-gamma. After subjects ran for 3 h, gene expression above prerun levels was measured for five of these cytokines: IL-1beta, IL-6, and IL-8 (large increases), and IL-10 and TNF-alpha (small increases). The increase in mRNA (fold difference from preexercise) was attenuated in CHO (15.9-fold) compared with Pla (35.2-fold) for IL-6 (P = 0.071) and IL-8 (CHO, 7.8-fold; Pla, 23.3-fold; P = 0.063). CHO compared with Pla beverage ingestion attenuates the increase in plasma IL-6, IL-10, and IL-1ra and gene expression for IL-6 and IL-8 in athletes running 3 h at 70% Vo(2 max) despite no differences in muscle glycogen content.
16名经验丰富的马拉松运动员在两种情况下，以大约最大摄氧量（Vo₂max）的70%在跑步机上跑3小时，同时分别饮用1升/小时的碳水化合物（CHO）饮料或安慰剂（Pla）饮料。在运动前后采集血液和股外侧肌活检样本。分析血浆中的白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、白细胞介素-10（IL-10）、白细胞介素-1受体拮抗剂（IL-1ra）、白细胞介素-8（IL-8）、皮质醇、葡萄糖和胰岛素。通过实时定量逆转录聚合酶链反应分析肌肉中的糖原含量和13种细胞因子的相对基因表达。与安慰剂组相比，饮用CHO饮料后运动后血浆葡萄糖和胰岛素水平较高，而皮质醇、IL-6、IL-10和IL-1ra水平显著较低，但IL-8水平无差异。CHO组和Pla组肌肉糖原含量的变化无差异（P = 0.246）。运动前按以下顺序检测到7种细胞因子的肌肉细胞因子mRNA含量（从高到低）：IL-15、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、IL-8、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、白细胞介素-12p35、IL-6和干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）。受试者跑3小时后，检测到上述5种细胞因子的基因表达高于运动前水平：IL-1β、IL-6和IL-8（大幅增加），以及IL-10和TNF-α（小幅增加）。与Pla组（35.2倍）相比，CHO组（15.9倍）中IL-6（P = 0.071）和IL-8（CHO组，7.8倍；Pla组，23.3倍；P = 0.063）的mRNA增加量（与运动前的倍数差异）有所减弱。尽管肌肉糖原含量无差异，但与饮用Pla饮料相比，饮用CHO饮料可减弱以70% Vo₂max跑3小时的运动员血浆中IL-6、IL-10和IL-1ra的增加以及IL-6和IL-8的基因表达。
