Environmental Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicological Research (IITR), Lucknow, 226 001, India.
Arch Microbiol. 2014 Jul;196(7):517-23. doi: 10.1007/s00203-014-0988-9. Epub 2014 May 8.
The taxonomic position of a Gram-positive, endospore-forming bacterium isolated from soil sample collected from an industrial site was analyzed by a polyphasic approach. The strain designated as IITR-54T matched most of the phenotypic and chemical characteristics of the genus Bacillus and represents a novel species. It was found to biodegrade 4-chlorobiphenyl through dechlorination and was isolated through enrichment procedure from an aged polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated soil. Both resting cell assay and growth under aerobic liquid conditions using 4-chlorobiphenyl as sole source of carbon along with 0.01% yeast extract, formation of chloride ions was measured. 16S rRNA (1,489 bases) nucleotide sequence of isolated strain was compared with those of closely related Bacillus type strains and confirmed that the strain belongs to the genus Bacillus. Strain IITR-54T differs from all other species of Bacillus by at least 2.1% at the 16S rRNA level, and the moderately related species are Bacillus oceanisediminis (97.9%) followed by Bacillus infantis (97.7%), Bacillus firmus (97.4%), Bacillus drentensis (97.3%), Bacillus circulans (97.2%), Bacillus soli (97.1%), Bacillus horneckiae (97.1%), Bacillus pocheonensis (97.1%) and Bacillus bataviensis (97.1%), respectively. The cell wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid and the major isoprenoid quinone was MK-7. Major fatty acids are iso-C15:0 (32.4%) and anteiso-C15:0 (27.4%). Predominant polar lipids are diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The results of physiological and biochemical tests allowed the genotypic and phenotypic distinctiveness of strain IITR-54T with its phylogenetic relatives and suggest that the strain IITR-54T should be recognized as a novel species, for which the name Bacillus mesophilum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is IITR-54T (=MTCC 11060T=JCM 19208T).
从工业场地采集的土壤样本中分离到一株革兰氏阳性、产芽孢的细菌，通过多相分类方法对其分类地位进行了分析。该菌株被命名为 IITR-54T，其表型和化学特性与芽孢杆菌属的大多数菌株最为匹配，代表了一个新的种。该菌能够通过脱氯作用降解 4-氯联苯，并通过从老化的多氯联苯污染土壤中进行富集分离得到。在有氧液体条件下，使用 4-氯联苯作为唯一碳源和 0.01%酵母提取物进行静止细胞测定和生长时，测量了氯离子的形成。分离株的 16S rRNA（1489 个碱基）核苷酸序列与密切相关的芽孢杆菌模式菌株进行比较，证实该菌株属于芽孢杆菌属。与其他所有芽孢杆菌属的物种相比，IITR-54T 在 16S rRNA 水平上至少有 2.1%的差异，与亲缘关系较近的物种分别为海洋芽孢杆菌（97.9%）、婴儿芽孢杆菌（97.7%）、坚固芽孢杆菌（97.4%）、德伦茨芽孢杆菌（97.3%）、环状芽孢杆菌（97.2%）、地衣芽孢杆菌（97.1%）、霍内克氏芽孢杆菌（97.1%）、宝城芽孢杆菌（97.1%）和巴塔维亚芽孢杆菌（97.1%）。细胞壁肽聚糖含有 meso-二氨基庚二酸，主要的异戊烯醌是 MK-7。主要脂肪酸是 iso-C15:0（32.4%）和 anteiso-C15:0（27.4%）。主要极性脂是双磷脂酰甘油、磷脂酰甘油和磷脂酰乙醇胺。生理生化试验的结果表明，IITR-54T 与其系统发育上的亲缘关系具有基因和表型的独特性，并表明该菌株应被视为一个新种，建议将其命名为嗜中温芽孢杆菌（Bacillus mesophilum）。模式菌株为 IITR-54T（=MTCC 11060T=JCM 19208T）。
