Juergens U R
Department of Pneumology, Allergology, Sleep Medicine Medical Clinic II, Bonn University Hospital Bonn, Germany.
Drug Res (Stuttg). 2014 Dec;64(12):638-46. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1372609. Epub 2014 May 15.
1,8-cineole is a natural monoterpene, also known as eucalyptol. It is a major compound of many plant essential oils, mainly extracted from Eucalyptus globulus oil. As an isolated compound, 1,8-cineole is known for its mucolytic and spasmolytic action on the respiratory tract, with proven clinical efficacy. 1,8-cineole has also shown therapeutic benefits in inflammatory airway diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This clinical evidence refers to its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant mode of action, which has been proven in numerous pre-clinical studies. In vitro studies found strong evidence that 1,8-cineole controls inflammatory processes and mediator production of infection- or inflammation-induced mucus hypersecretion by its action as anti-inflammatory modifier rather than a simple mucolytic agent. The aim of this review is to present these preclinical studies performed with the pure monoterpene, and to summarize the current knowledge on the mode of action of 1,8-cineole. The actual understanding of the pure 1,8-cineole compared to mixtures of natural volatile oils containing 1,8-cineole as a major compound and to mixtures of natural terpenes, known as essential oils, will be discussed. Based on the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, recent clinical trials with 1,8-cineole have shown first evidence for the beneficial use of 1,8-cineole as long-term therapy in the prevention of COPD-exacerbations and to improve asthma control.
1,8-桉叶素是一种天然单萜，也被称为桉油精。它是许多植物精油的主要成分，主要从蓝桉油中提取。作为一种分离出的化合物，1,8-桉叶素以其对呼吸道的黏液溶解和痉挛缓解作用而闻名，临床疗效得到证实。1,8-桉叶素在炎症性气道疾病，如哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）中也显示出治疗益处。这一临床证据涉及到它的抗炎和抗氧化作用模式，这在众多临床前研究中已得到证实。体外研究发现有力证据表明，1,8-桉叶素通过作为抗炎调节剂而非简单的黏液溶解剂来控制炎症过程以及感染或炎症诱导的黏液高分泌的介质产生。本综述的目的是介绍这些使用纯单萜进行的临床前研究，并总结目前关于1,8-桉叶素作用模式的知识。将讨论与含有1,8-桉叶素作为主要成分的天然挥发油混合物以及称为精油的天然萜类混合物相比，对纯1,8-桉叶素的实际理解。基于其抗氧化和抗炎特性，最近使用1,8-桉叶素的临床试验已首次证明1,8-桉叶素作为长期治疗在预防COPD急性加重和改善哮喘控制方面的有益用途。
