Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2014 Aug;28:51-8. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2013.11.005. Epub 2013 Dec 7.
Vaccine adjuvants are an essential component of vaccine design, helping to generate immunity to pathogen antigens in the absence of infection. Recent advances in nanoscale engineering have created a new class of particulate bionanotechnology that uses biomimicry to better integrate adjuvant and antigen. These pathogen-like particles, or PLPs, can come from a variety of sources, ranging from fully synthetic platforms to biologically derived, self-assembling systems. By employing molecularly engineered targeting and stimulation of key immune cells, recent studies utilizing PLPs as vaccine delivery platforms have shown great promise against high-impact, unsolved vaccine targets ranging from bacterial and viral pathogens to cancer and addiction.
疫苗佐剂是疫苗设计的重要组成部分，有助于在没有感染的情况下产生针对病原体抗原的免疫。纳米级工程的最新进展创造了一类新的颗粒状仿生生物技术，该技术利用仿生学更好地将佐剂和抗原结合在一起。这些类似病原体的颗粒或 PLP 可以来自多种来源，从完全合成的平台到生物衍生的自组装系统。通过采用分子工程化的靶向和关键免疫细胞的刺激，最近利用 PLP 作为疫苗传递平台的研究显示出了针对高影响力、未解决的疫苗靶点的巨大潜力，这些靶点包括细菌和病毒病原体、癌症和成瘾。
