Hou Yingying, Chen Min, Bian Yuan, Zheng Xi, Tong Rongsheng, Sun Xun
Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China.
Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China.
Acta Pharm Sin B. 2023 Aug;13(8):3321-3338. doi: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.01.006. Epub 2023 Jan 10.
Designing and manufacturing safe and effective vaccines is a crucial challenge for human health worldwide. Research on adjuvant-based subunit vaccines is increasingly being explored to meet clinical needs. Nevertheless, the adaptive immune responses of subunit vaccines are still unfavorable, which may partially be attributed to the immune cascade obstacles and unsatisfactory vaccine design. An extended understanding of the crosstalk between vaccine delivery strategies and immunological mechanisms could provide scientific insight to optimize antigen delivery and improve vaccination efficacy. In this review, we summarized the advanced subunit vaccine delivery technologies from the perspective of vaccine cascade obstacles after administration. The engineered subunit vaccines with lymph node and specific cell targeting ability, antigen cross-presentation, T cell activation properties, and tailorable antigen release patterns may achieve effective immune protection with high precision, efficiency, and stability. We hope this review can provide rational design principles and inspire the exploitation of future subunit vaccines.
设计和制造安全有效的疫苗是全球人类健康面临的一项关键挑战。为满足临床需求，基于佐剂的亚单位疫苗研究正日益受到探索。然而，亚单位疫苗的适应性免疫反应仍然不理想，这可能部分归因于免疫级联障碍和不尽人意的疫苗设计。深入了解疫苗递送策略与免疫机制之间的相互作用，可为优化抗原递送和提高疫苗接种效果提供科学见解。在本综述中，我们从疫苗接种后级联障碍的角度总结了先进的亚单位疫苗递送技术。具有淋巴结和特定细胞靶向能力、抗原交叉呈递、T细胞激活特性以及可定制抗原释放模式的工程化亚单位疫苗，可能以高精度、高效率和高稳定性实现有效的免疫保护。我们希望本综述能提供合理的设计原则，并激发未来亚单位疫苗的开发。
