Kevin D. Hall is with the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD. Ross A. Hammond is with the Brookings Institution, Washington, DC. Hazhir Rahmandad is with the Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering at Virginia Tech, Falls Church, VA.
Am J Public Health. 2014 Jul;104(7):1169-75. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2014.301931. Epub 2014 May 15.
Obesity is associated with a prolonged imbalance between energy intake and expenditure, both of which are regulated by multiple feedback processes within and across individuals. These processes constitute 3 hierarchical control systems-homeostatic, hedonic, and cognitive-with extensive interaction among them. Understanding complex eating behavior requires consideration of all 3 systems and their interactions. Existing models of these processes are widely scattered, with relatively few attempts to integrate across mechanisms. We briefly review available empirical evidence and dynamic models, discussing challenges and potential for better integration. We conclude that developing richer models of dynamic interplay among systems should be a priority in the future study of obesity and that systems science modeling offers the potential to aid in this goal.
肥胖与能量摄入和支出之间长期失衡有关，而这两者都受到个体内部和个体之间的多种反馈过程的调节。这些过程构成了 3 个层次的控制系统——稳态、享乐和认知，它们之间存在广泛的相互作用。要理解复杂的饮食行为，需要考虑所有 3 个系统及其相互作用。这些过程的现有模型广泛分散，很少有尝试整合机制。我们简要回顾了现有的实证证据和动态模型，讨论了挑战和更好整合的潜力。我们的结论是，在未来对肥胖的研究中，应该优先开发系统之间动态相互作用的更丰富模型，而系统科学模型提供了实现这一目标的潜力。
