Tannenholz Lindsay, Jimenez Jessica C, Kheirbek Mazen A
Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University New York, NY, USA ; Division of Integrative Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute New York, NY, USA.
Division of Integrative Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute New York, NY, USA ; Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University New York, NY, USA.
Front Behav Neurosci. 2014 May 6;8:147. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00147. eCollection 2014.
While the hippocampus has been classically studied for its role in learning and memory, there is significant support for a role of the HPC in regulating emotional behavior. Emerging research suggests these functions may be segregated along the dorsoventral axis of the HPC. In addition to this regional heterogeneity, within the HPC, the dentate gyrus is one of two areas in the adult brain where stem cells continuously give rise to new neurons. This process can influence and be modulated by the emotional state of the animal, suggesting that adult neurogenesis within the DG may contribute to psychiatric disorders and cognitive abilities. Yet, the exact mechanism by which these newborn neurons influence behavior remains unknown. Here, we will examine the contribution of hippocampal neurogenesis to the output of the HPC, and suggest that the role of neurogenesis may vary along the DV axis. Next, we will review literature indicating that anatomical connectivity varies along the DV axis of the HPC, and that this underlies the functional segregation along this axis. This analysis will allow us to synthesize novel hypotheses for the differential contribution of the HPC to cognition and mood.
虽然海马体一直以来主要因其在学习和记忆中的作用而被研究，但有大量证据支持海马体在调节情绪行为方面的作用。新出现的研究表明，这些功能可能沿着海马体的背腹轴被分隔开来。除了这种区域异质性外，在海马体内，齿状回是成人大脑中干细胞持续产生新神经元的两个区域之一。这个过程会受到动物情绪状态的影响并可被其调节，这表明齿状回内的成体神经发生可能与精神疾病和认知能力有关。然而，这些新生神经元影响行为的确切机制仍然未知。在这里，我们将研究海马体神经发生对海马体输出的贡献，并提出神经发生的作用可能沿背腹轴有所不同。接下来，我们将回顾文献，这些文献表明解剖学连接沿着海马体的背腹轴有所不同，并且这是该轴上功能分隔的基础。这种分析将使我们能够综合出关于海马体对认知和情绪的不同贡献的新假设。
