Bercovich Eyal, Keinan-Boker Lital, Shasha Shaul M
Isr Med Assoc J. 2014 Apr;16(4):203-7.
Previous studies suggest that exposure to starvation and stress between conception and early infancy may have deleterious effects on health later in life; this phenomenon is termed fetal origin of adult disease.
To determine whether exposure to the Holocaust from preconception to early infancy is a cause of chronic morbidity in adulthood.
This pilot study involved 70 European Jews born in countries under Nazi rule (exposed group) during the period 1940-1945 who were interviewed to determine the presence of chronic diseases. A control group of 230 Israeli-born individuals of the same descent, age, and gender distribution were extracted from the Israel National Health Interview Survey-2 (unexposed group). The prevalence of selected risk factors and chronic diseases was compared between the groups.
The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and morbidity was significantly higher in the exposed group: body mass index (BMI) (29.06 +/- 3.2 vs. 26.97 +/- 4.42, P = 0.015), hypertension (62.9% vs. 43%, P = 0.003), dyslipidemia (72.9% vs. 46.1%, P < 0.001), diabetes (32.9% vs. 17.4%, P = 0.006), angina pectoris (18.6% vs. 4.8%, P = 0.001) and congestive heart failure (8.6% vs. 1.7%, P = 0.013). The prevalence of cancer (30.0% vs. 8.7% P < 0.001), peptic ulcer disease (21.4% vs. 7%, P = 0.001), headaches/migraines (24.3% vs. 12.6%, P < 0.001) and anxiety/depression (50.0% vs. 8.3%, P < 0.001) was also higher in the exposed group.
These results suggest that exposure to Holocaust conditions in early life may be associated with a higher prevalence of obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular morbidity, malignancy and peptic diseases in adulthood. These findings set the stage for further research, which might define those exposed as a high risk group for chronic morbidity.
先前的研究表明，在受孕至婴儿早期经历饥饿和压力可能会对日后的健康产生有害影响；这种现象被称为成人疾病的胎儿起源。
确定从受孕前到婴儿早期暴露于大屠杀环境是否是成年期慢性疾病的一个病因。
这项初步研究纳入了70名1940 - 1945年期间在纳粹统治国家出生的欧洲犹太人（暴露组），对他们进行访谈以确定慢性病的情况。从以色列国家健康访谈调查 - 2中抽取了230名具有相同血统、年龄和性别分布的以色列出生个体作为对照组（未暴露组）。比较两组中选定风险因素和慢性病的患病率。
暴露组中心血管风险因素和疾病的患病率显著更高：体重指数（BMI）（29.06±3.2 vs. 26.97±4.42，P = 0.015）、高血压（62.9% vs. 43%，P = 0.003）、血脂异常（72.9% vs. 46.1%，P < 0.001）、糖尿病（32.9% vs. 17.4%，P = 0.006）、心绞痛（18.6% vs. 4.8%，P = 0.001）和充血性心力衰竭（8.6% vs. 1.7%，P = 0.013）。暴露组中癌症（30.0% vs. 8.7%，P < 0.001）、消化性溃疡疾病（21.4% vs. 7%，P = 0.001）、头痛/偏头痛（24.3% vs. 12.6%，P < 0.001）以及焦虑/抑郁（50.0% vs. 8.3%，P < 0.001）的患病率也更高。
这些结果表明，早年暴露于大屠杀环境可能与成年期肥胖、血脂异常、糖尿病、高血压、心血管疾病、恶性肿瘤和消化系统疾病的较高患病率相关。这些发现为进一步的研究奠定了基础，后续研究可能会将这些暴露者定义为慢性疾病的高危人群。
