Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014 Jun;28(3):325-38. doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2013.12.001. Epub 2013 Dec 18.
Cardiovascular disease is more prevalent in type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and continues to be the leading cause of death among adults with diabetes. Although atherosclerotic vascular disease has a multi-factorial etiology, disorders of lipid metabolism play a central role. The coexistence of diabetes with other risk factors, in particular with dyslipidemia, further increases cardiovascular disease risk. A characteristic pattern, termed diabetic dyslipidemia, consists of increased levels of triglycerides, low levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and postprandial lipemia, and is mostly seen in patients with type 2 diabetes or metabolic syndrome. This review summarizes the trends in the prevalence of lipid disorders in diabetes, advances in the mechanisms contributing to diabetic dyslipidemia, and current evidence regarding appropriate therapeutic recommendations.
心血管疾病在 1 型和 2 型糖尿病中更为普遍，并且仍然是糖尿病患者的主要死亡原因。尽管动脉粥样硬化血管疾病具有多因素病因，但脂质代谢紊乱起着核心作用。糖尿病与其他危险因素（特别是与血脂异常）共存会进一步增加心血管疾病的风险。一种特征性模式，称为糖尿病血脂异常，包括甘油三酯水平升高、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平降低和餐后脂血症，主要见于 2 型糖尿病或代谢综合征患者。这篇综述总结了糖尿病患者脂质异常患病率的变化趋势、导致糖尿病血脂异常的机制进展以及关于适当治疗建议的现有证据。
