Zhuang Pan, Liu Xiaohui, Li Yin, Ao Yang, Wu Yuqi, Ye Hao, Wan Xuzhi, Zhang Lange, Meng Denghui, Tian Yimei, Yu Xiaomei, Zhang Fan, Wang Anli, Zhang Yu, Jiao Jingjing
Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Nat Commun. 2025 Jan 6;16(1):437. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-55585-0.
The role of dairy products in cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention remains controversial. This study investigates the association between dairy consumption and CVD incidence using data from the China Kadoorie Biobank and the UK Biobank, complemented by an updated meta-analysis. Among Chinese participants, regular dairy consumption (primarily whole milk) is associated with a 9% increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and a 6% reduced risk of stroke compared to non-consumers. Among British participants, total dairy consumption is linked to lower risks of CVD, CHD, and ischemic stroke, with cheese and semi-skimmed/skimmed milk contributing to reduced CVD risk. Meta-analysis reveals that total dairy consumption is associated with a 3.7% reduced risk of CVD and a 6% reduced risk of stroke. Notably, inverse associations with CVD incidence are observed for cheese and low-fat dairy products. Current evidence suggests that dairy consumption, particularly cheese, may have protective effects against CVD and stroke.
乳制品在预防心血管疾病（CVD）中的作用仍存在争议。本研究利用中国嘉道理生物银行和英国生物银行的数据，并辅以更新的荟萃分析，调查乳制品消费与CVD发病率之间的关联。在中国参与者中，与不食用乳制品者相比，经常食用乳制品（主要是全脂牛奶）会使冠心病（CHD）风险增加9%，中风风险降低6%。在英国参与者中，总的乳制品消费与较低的CVD、CHD和缺血性中风风险相关，奶酪和半脱脂/脱脂牛奶有助于降低CVD风险。荟萃分析显示，总的乳制品消费与CVD风险降低3.7%和中风风险降低6%相关。值得注意的是，观察到奶酪和低脂乳制品与CVD发病率呈负相关。目前的证据表明，食用乳制品，尤其是奶酪，可能对CVD和中风具有保护作用。
