Abdulla M, Behbehani A, Dashti H
Faculty of Medicine, Baqai Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 1989 Jul-Sep;21:173-8. doi: 10.1007/BF02917249.
In order to assess the nutritional importance of trace elements, it is relevant to consider the factors regulating their metabolism. One of the most important factors is the true intake level. Conventional techniques such as diet history and interview studies in conjunction with standard food tables do not provide the true intake levels from prepared meals. Employing the duplicate portion technique, we have investigated the dietary intake of trace elements in prepared meals consumed by children, adults, and elderly in Sweden. The results indicate that the intake of potassium, magnesium, zinc, copper, and selenium is low when compared with the present recommended dietary allowance (RDA) values. It appears that a marginal deficiency of a number of trace elements may exist in the general population of affluent countries. When the dietary intakes are known, it is necessary to consider the bioavailability. This depends on the chemical form as well as the concentration of other dietary constituents such as fiber, phytate, carbohydrates, macrominerals, and vitamins in the diet. Knowledge of these interactions are important to improve the overall nutritional status of the population in general and patients in particular.
为了评估微量元素的营养重要性，考虑调节其代谢的因素是很有必要的。其中一个最重要的因素是实际摄入量。传统技术，如饮食史和结合标准食物表的访谈研究，并不能提供从预制餐中获得的实际摄入量。采用双份膳食技术，我们调查了瑞典儿童、成年人和老年人食用的预制餐中微量元素的膳食摄入量。结果表明，与目前推荐的膳食摄入量（RDA）值相比，钾、镁、锌、铜和硒的摄入量较低。在富裕国家的普通人群中，似乎可能存在多种微量元素的边缘性缺乏。当知道膳食摄入量时，有必要考虑生物利用率。这取决于化学形式以及饮食中其他膳食成分的浓度，如纤维、植酸盐、碳水化合物、常量矿物质和维生素。了解这些相互作用对于改善总体人群尤其是患者的整体营养状况非常重要。
