Malama Sydney, Johansen Tone Bjordal, Muma John Bwalya, Munyeme Musso, Mbulo Grace, Muwonge Adrian, Djønne Berit, Godfroid Jacques
Institute of Economic and Social Research, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 30900, Lusaka, Zambia.
Norwegian Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 750, 0106 Oslo, Norway.
Vet Med Int. 2014;2014:187842. doi: 10.1155/2014/187842. Epub 2014 Apr 14.
Tuberculosis remains a major public health problem in Zambia. While human to human transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is of major importance in driving the tuberculosis epidemic, the impact of Mycobacterium bovis transmission from infected cattle is largely unknown. This cross-sectional study aimed at molecular characterization of M. bovis in humans and cattle. A total of 100 human sputum samples and 67 bovine tissues were collected and analyzed for the presence of mycobacteria. Of 65 human samples that harbored acid fast bacteria (AFB), 55 isolates were obtained of which 34 were identified as M. tuberculosis and 2 as M. bovis. AFB-positive bovine samples (n = 67) yielded 47 mycobacterial isolates among which 25 were identified as M. bovis and no M. tuberculosis was found. Among the M. bovis isolates, spoligotyping revealed a high homogeneity in genotypes circulating in Namwala district. Human and cattle isolates shared identical MIRU-VNTR genotypes, suggesting that transmission between the two hosts may occur. Therefore, this study has documented zoonotic TB in human patients in Namwala district of Zambia. However, further molecular epidemiological studies in the study area are recommended.
结核病仍是赞比亚的一个主要公共卫生问题。虽然结核分枝杆菌在人与人之间的传播对推动结核病流行至关重要，但牛分枝杆菌从受感染牛群传播的影响在很大程度上尚不清楚。这项横断面研究旨在对人和牛体内的牛分枝杆菌进行分子特征分析。总共收集了100份人类痰液样本和67份牛组织样本，并对其中分枝杆菌的存在情况进行了分析。在65份含有抗酸杆菌（AFB）的人类样本中，获得了55株分离株，其中34株被鉴定为结核分枝杆菌，2株为牛分枝杆菌。AFB阳性的牛样本（n = 67）产生了47株分枝杆菌分离株，其中25株被鉴定为牛分枝杆菌，未发现结核分枝杆菌。在牛分枝杆菌分离株中，间隔寡核苷酸分型显示在纳姆瓦拉区流行的基因型具有高度同质性。人和牛的分离株具有相同的MIRU-VNTR基因型，这表明两种宿主之间可能发生传播。因此，本研究记录了赞比亚纳姆瓦拉区人类患者中的人畜共患结核病。然而，建议在研究区域开展进一步的分子流行病学研究。
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