Becker-Dreps Sylvia, Zambrana Luis Enrique, Reyes Daniel, Vilchez Samuel, Weber David J
J Health Popul Nutr. 2014 Mar;32(1):149-54.
Diarrhoea remains an important cause of mortality and morbidity among children in Nicaragua. As the majority of diarrhoeal cases are treated at home and appropriate household management can lessen severity of diarrhoea, the objective of this study was to examine household management of childhood diarrhoea. A simple random sample of households was selected from the Health and Demographic Surveillance Site-León. Parents or caretakers of children below five years of age, who developed diarrhoea (n = 232), were surveyed about household diarrhoea management practices in 2011. Fifty-seven percent of children received oral rehydration therapy (ORT) in the home prior to visiting any health facility. We encountered certain practices in contradiction with WHO recommendations for the management of diarrhoea in communities: 41% of children were offered protein-rich foods less frequently during diarrhoeal episodes, 20% of children were nursed less frequently or not at all during diarrhoeal episodes, and zinc supplementation was recommended at only 39% of visits with healthcare providers. Our findings provide insights for efforts to improve the household management of childhood diarrhoea in Nicaragua.
腹泻仍是尼加拉瓜儿童死亡和发病的一个重要原因。由于大多数腹泻病例是在家中治疗的，而且适当的家庭管理可以减轻腹泻的严重程度，因此本研究的目的是调查儿童腹泻的家庭管理情况。从莱昂卫生和人口监测点选取了一个简单随机样本的家庭。2011年，对出现腹泻的5岁以下儿童（n = 232）的父母或照顾者进行了家庭腹泻管理做法的调查。57%的儿童在前往任何医疗机构就诊之前就在家中接受了口服补液疗法（ORT）。我们发现了一些与世界卫生组织关于社区腹泻管理建议相矛盾的做法：41%的儿童在腹泻期间较少食用富含蛋白质的食物，20%的儿童在腹泻期间喂奶次数减少或根本不喂奶，而且只有39%的就诊儿童在看医疗服务提供者时被建议补充锌。我们的研究结果为改善尼加拉瓜儿童腹泻家庭管理的努力提供了见解。
