Biology Department and the Biotron Centre for Experimental Climate Change Research, University of Western Ontario London, ON, Canada.
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto at Scarborough Scarborough, ON, Canada.
Front Chem. 2014 Apr 17;2:18. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2014.00018. eCollection 2014.
We propose that targeting the enhanced photosynthetic performance associated with the cold acclimation of winter cultivars of rye (Secale cereale L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and Brassica napus L. may provide a novel approach to improve crop productivity under abiotic as well as biotic stress conditions. In support of this hypothesis, we provide the physiological, biochemical, and molecular evidence that the dwarf phenotype induced by cold acclimation is coupled to significant enhancement in photosynthetic performance, resistance to photoinhibition, and a decreased dependence on photoprotection through non-photochemical quenching which result in enhanced biomass production and ultimately increased seed yield. These system-wide changes at the levels of phenotype, physiology, and biochemistry appear to be governed by the family of C-repeat/dehydration-responsive family of transcription factors (CBF/DREB1). We relate this phenomenon to the semi-dwarf, gibberellic acid insensitive (GAI), cereal varieties developed during the "green revolution" of the early 1960s and 1970s. We suggest that genetic manipulation of the family of C-repeat/dehydration-responsive element binding transcription factors (CBF/DREB1) may provide a novel approach for the maintenance and perhaps even the enhancement of plant productivity under conditions of sub-optimal growth conditions predicted for our future climate.
我们提出，针对冬季黑麦（Secale cereale L.）、小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）和油菜（Brassica napus L.）品种的冷驯化增强的光合作用性能进行靶向处理，可能为在非生物和生物胁迫条件下提高作物生产力提供一种新方法。为了支持这一假设，我们提供了生理、生化和分子证据，证明冷驯化诱导的矮化表型与光合作用性能的显著增强、对光抑制的抗性以及对非光化学猝灭的依赖性降低有关，这导致生物量产量增加，最终种子产量增加。这种表型、生理和生化水平的系统级变化似乎受 C 重复/脱水响应家族的转录因子（CBF/DREB1）家族调控。我们将这种现象与 20 世纪 60 年代和 70 年代“绿色革命”期间开发的半矮化、赤霉素不敏感（GAI）谷物品种联系起来。我们认为，对 C 重复/脱水响应元件结合转录因子（CBF/DREB1）家族的遗传操作可能为在未来气候预测的不利生长条件下维持甚至提高植物生产力提供一种新方法。
