Crawford Scott K, Haas Caroline, Butterfield Timothy A, Wang Qian, Zhang Xiaoli, Zhao Yi, Best Thomas M
Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
University of Kentucky, USA.
Clin Biomech (Bristol). 2014 Jun;29(6):671-8. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2014.04.007. Epub 2014 Apr 26.
This study compared immediate versus delayed massage-like compressive loading on skeletal muscle viscoelastic properties following eccentric exercise.
Eighteen rabbits were surgically instrumented with peroneal nerve cuffs for stimulation of the tibialis anterior muscle. Rabbits were randomly assigned to a massage loading protocol applied immediately post exercise (n=6), commencing 48h post exercise (n=6), or exercised no-massage control (n=6). Viscoelastic properties were evaluated in vivo by performing a stress-relaxation test pre- and post-exercise and daily pre- and post-massage for four consecutive days of massage loading. A quasi-linear viscoelastic approach modeled the instantaneous elastic response (AG0), fast (g1(p)) and slow (g2(p)) relaxation coefficients, and the corresponding relaxation time constants τ1 and τ2.
Exercise increased AG0 in all groups (P<0.05). After adjusting for the three multiple comparisons, recovery of AG0 was not significant in the immediate (P=0.021) or delayed (P=0.048) group compared to the control group following four days of massage. However, within-day (pre- to post-massage) analysis revealed a decrease in AG0 in both massage groups. Following exercise, g1(p) increased and g2(p) and τ1 decreased for all groups (P<0.05). Exercise had no effect on τ2 (P>0.05). After four days of massage, there was no significant recovery of the relaxation parameters for either massage loading group compared to the control group.
Our findings suggest that massage loading following eccentric exercise has a greater effect on reducing muscle stiffness, estimated by AG0, within-day rather than affecting recovery over multiple days. Massage loading also has little effect on the relaxation response.
本研究比较了离心运动后立即进行与延迟进行类似按摩的压缩负荷对骨骼肌粘弹性特性的影响。
18只兔子通过手术在腓神经上安装袖带，以刺激胫骨前肌。兔子被随机分配到运动后立即应用的按摩负荷方案组（n = 6）、运动后48小时开始应用的按摩负荷方案组（n = 6）或运动无按摩对照组（n = 6）。通过在运动前和运动后以及按摩负荷连续四天的每天按摩前和按摩后进行应力松弛测试，在体内评估粘弹性特性。采用准线性粘弹性方法对瞬时弹性响应（AG0）、快速（g1(p)）和慢速（g2(p)）松弛系数以及相应的松弛时间常数τ1和τ2进行建模。
运动使所有组的AG0增加（P<0.05）。在对三次多重比较进行校正后，与对照组相比，立即按摩组（P = 0.021）和延迟按摩组（P = 0.048）在按摩四天后AG0的恢复不显著。然而，日内（按摩前至按摩后）分析显示，两个按摩组的AG0均降低。运动后，所有组的g1(p)增加，g2(p)和τ1降低（P<0.05）。运动对τ2无影响（P>0.05）。与对照组相比，两个按摩负荷组在按摩四天后松弛参数均无显著恢复。
我们的研究结果表明，离心运动后的按摩负荷对在日内降低由AG0估计的肌肉僵硬度的影响更大，而不是对多天的恢复有影响。按摩负荷对松弛反应也几乎没有影响。
