Ort Christoph, van Nuijs Alexander L N, Berset Jean-Daniel, Bijlsma Lubertus, Castiglioni Sara, Covaci Adrian, de Voogt Pim, Emke Erik, Fatta-Kassinos Despo, Griffiths Paul, Hernández Félix, González-Mariño Iria, Grabic Roman, Kasprzyk-Hordern Barbara, Mastroianni Nicola, Meierjohann Axel, Nefau Thomas, Ostman Marcus, Pico Yolanda, Racamonde Ines, Reid Malcolm, Slobodnik Jaroslav, Terzic Senka, Thomaidis Nikolaos, Thomas Kevin V
Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Dübendorf, Switzerland.
Addiction. 2014 Aug;109(8):1338-52. doi: 10.1111/add.12570. Epub 2014 May 27.
To perform wastewater analyses to assess spatial differences and temporal changes of illicit drug use in a large European population.
Analyses of raw wastewater over a 1-week period in 2012 and 2013.
Catchment areas of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) across Europe, as follows: 2012: 25 WWTPs in 11 countries (23 cities, total population 11.50 million); 2013: 47 WWTPs in 21 countries (42 cities, total population 24.74 million).
Excretion products of five illicit drugs (cocaine, amphetamine, ecstasy, methamphetamine, cannabis) were quantified in wastewater samples using methods based on liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry.
Spatial differences were assessed and confirmed to vary greatly across European metropolitan areas. In general, results were in agreement with traditional surveillance data, where available. While temporal changes were substantial in individual cities and years (P ranging from insignificant to <10(-3) ), overall means were relatively stable. The overall mean of methamphetamine was an exception (apparent decline in 2012), as it was influenced mainly by four cities.
Wastewater analysis performed across Europe provides complementary evidence on illicit drug consumption and generally concurs with traditional surveillance data. Wastewater analysis can measure total illicit drug use more quickly and regularly than is the current norm for national surveys, and creates estimates where such data does not exist.
通过对废水进行分析，评估欧洲一大片人群中非法药物使用的空间差异和时间变化。
对2012年和2013年为期1周的原废水进行分析。
欧洲各地污水处理厂（WWTPs）的集水区，具体如下：2012年：11个国家的25个污水处理厂（23个城市，总人口1150万）；2013年：21个国家的47个污水处理厂（42个城市，总人口2474万）。
采用液相色谱-质谱联用方法对废水样本中五种非法药物（可卡因、苯丙胺、摇头丸、甲基苯丙胺、大麻）的排泄产物进行定量分析。
评估了空间差异，证实其在欧洲各城市地区差异很大。总体而言，在有传统监测数据的情况下，结果与之一致。虽然个别城市和年份的时间变化很大（P值范围从不显著到<10⁻³），但总体平均值相对稳定。甲基苯丙胺的总体平均值是个例外（2012年明显下降），因为它主要受四个城市的影响。
在欧洲各地进行的废水分析为非法药物消费提供了补充证据，总体上与传统监测数据一致。废水分析能够比目前全国性调查的常规做法更快、更定期地测量非法药物的总使用量，并在缺乏此类数据的情况下进行估算。
Zotero 插件
