Advanced Ceramics, University of Bremen , Am Biologischen Garten 2, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
ACS Nano. 2014 Jun 24;8(6):6475-83. doi: 10.1021/nn502230m. Epub 2014 Jun 5.
Nanodiamonds are a class of carbon-based nanoparticles that are rapidly gaining attention, particularly for biomedical applications, i.e., as drug carriers, for bioimaging, or as implant coatings. Nanodiamonds have generally been considered biocompatible with a broad variety of eukaryotic cells. We show that, depending on their surface composition, nanodiamonds kill Gram-positive and -negative bacteria rapidly and efficiently. We investigated six different types of nanodiamonds exhibiting diverse oxygen-containing surface groups that were created using standard pretreatment methods for forming nanodiamond dispersions. Our experiments suggest that the antibacterial activity of nanodiamond is linked to the presence of partially oxidized and negatively charged surfaces, specifically those containing acid anhydride groups. Furthermore, proteins were found to control the bactericidal properties of nanodiamonds by covering these surface groups, which explains the previously reported biocompatibility of nanodiamonds. Our findings describe the discovery of an exciting property of partially oxidized nanodiamonds as a potent antibacterial agent.
纳米金刚石是一类碳基纳米粒子，由于在生物医药领域的广泛应用而受到越来越多的关注，例如作为药物载体、用于生物成像或作为植入物涂层。纳米金刚石通常被认为与多种真核细胞具有生物相容性。我们发现，根据其表面成分的不同，纳米金刚石能够快速有效地杀死革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌。我们研究了六种不同类型的纳米金刚石，它们具有不同的含氧表面基团，这些基团是使用标准的预处理方法形成纳米金刚石分散体时产生的。我们的实验表明，纳米金刚石的抗菌活性与部分氧化和带负电荷的表面的存在有关，特别是那些含有酸酐基团的表面。此外，我们发现蛋白质通过覆盖这些表面基团来控制纳米金刚石的杀菌特性，这解释了先前报道的纳米金刚石的生物相容性。我们的研究结果描述了部分氧化纳米金刚石作为一种有效的抗菌剂的令人兴奋的特性的发现。
