Bacteria induced degradation of fluoranthene in minimal salt medium mediated by catabolic enzymes in vitro condition.

Fluoranthene is highly toxic and ubiquitous in the environment. A study on degradation of 200 ppm of fluoranthene in MSM by two bacterial strains Pseudomonas aeruginosa PSA5, Rhodococcus sp. NJ2 and their consortium revealed that fluoranthene was degraded 74% by Rhodococcus sp. NJ2, 61% by Pseudomonas sp. PSA5 and 97% by their consortium. Higher degradation in the consortium may be attributed to synergistic action between two bacteria. It was also observed that several degradative enzymes catechol 1,2 dioxygenase, catechol 2,3 dioxygenase, protocatechuate 2,3 dioxygenase, protocatechuate 3,4 dioxygenase, protocatechuate 4,5 dioxygenase, salicylate hydroxylase and 2-carboxybenzaldehyde dehydrogenase were differentially induced at different stages of fluoranthene degradation. Biodegradation kinetics indicated half life period of fluoranthene degradation. Besides, glycolipid, as a biosurfactant, was induced to facilitate the degradation process. Hence, both the bacteria may be used individually or in combination for effective decontamination of oil and sludge contaminated soil.