Krugers Harm J, Joëls Marian
Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,
Curr Top Behav Neurosci. 2014;18:81-92. doi: 10.1007/7854_2014_289.
During the perinatal period, the brain undergoes substantial structural changes, synaptic rearrangements, and development of neuronal circuits which ultimately determine brain function and behavior. Environmental factors-such as exposure to adverse experiences-have major impact on brain function and structure during this sensitive period. These alterations can be long-lasting, and have been implicated in psychopathology such as cognitive decline and emotional dysfunction. Here we briefly review how early postnatal adversity determines structure and function of the hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex (PFC) areas, which are crucial for proper cognitive and emotional function.
在围产期，大脑经历大量结构变化、突触重排以及神经回路发育，这些最终决定了大脑功能和行为。环境因素，如暴露于不良经历，在这个敏感时期对大脑功能和结构有重大影响。这些改变可能是持久的，并与认知衰退和情绪功能障碍等精神病理学有关。在这里，我们简要回顾产后早期逆境如何决定海马体、杏仁核和前额叶皮质（PFC）区域的结构和功能，这些区域对正常的认知和情绪功能至关重要。
