De Kesel André, Haelewaters Danny
National Botanic Garden of Belgium, Domein van Bouchout, BE-1860 Meise, Belgium
Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138.
Mycologia. 2014 May-Jun;106(3):407-14. doi: 10.3852/13-348. Epub 2014 May 28.
Laboulbenia littoralis is described from the halobiont Cafius xantholoma (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae); it previously was misidentified and not properly documented. Morphologically the new species belongs to a group of carabidicolous taxa similar to Laboulbenia pedicellata and especially Laboulbenia slackensis. It is generally accepted that the specificity of Laboulbeniales is based on their need for substances from the host. In this relatively strict context, shifts between unrelated hosts are difficult to explain. We present morphological and ecological evidence supporting the hypothesis that these fungi are capable of shifting between unrelated hosts as long as they share the same habitat. Adaptation to a particular environment, combined with a reduced dependence from specific nutrients of the host, explains the proposed interfamilial host shift.
滨海虫囊菌是从嗜盐性的黄斑凯氏隐翅虫（鞘翅目，隐翅虫科）中描述出来的；它之前被错误鉴定且记录不完整。从形态学上看，这个新物种属于一组与柄状虫囊菌尤其是斯氏虫囊菌相似的步甲附生分类群。人们普遍认为虫囊菌目的特异性基于它们对宿主物质的需求。在这种相对严格的情况下，在不相关宿主之间的转变很难解释。我们提供了形态学和生态学证据，支持这些真菌只要共享相同栖息地就能在不相关宿主之间转变的假说。对特定环境的适应，再加上对宿主特定营养物质的依赖性降低，解释了所提出的科间宿主转变。
