Walker Melissa J, Dorrestein Annabel, Camacho Jasmin J, Meckler Lauren A, Silas Kirk A, Hiller Thomas, Haelewaters Danny
Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia - Current address: Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Science Road, Richmond, New South Wales 2753, Australia.
Current address: Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Science Road, Richmond, New South Wales 2753, Australia - Department of Animal Ecology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Parasite. 2018;25:19. doi: 10.1051/parasite/2018017. Epub 2018 Apr 10.
The Darién province in eastern Panama is one of the most unexplored and biodiverse regions in the world. The Chucantí Nature Reserve, in Serranía de Majé, consists of a diverse tropical cloud forest ecosystem. The aim of this research was to explore and study host associations of a tripartite system of bats, ectoparasitic flies on bats (Diptera, Streblidae), and ectoparasitic fungi (Ascomycota, Laboulbeniales) that use bat flies as hosts. We captured bats at Chucantí, screened each bat for presence of bat flies, and screened collected bat flies for presence of Laboulbeniales. We mistnetted for 68 mistnet hours and captured 227 bats representing 17 species. We captured Micronycteris schmidtorum, a species previously unreported in Darién. In addition, we encountered the rarely collected Platyrrhinus dorsalis, representing the westernmost report for this species. Of all captured bats, 148 carried bat flies (65%). The number of sampled bat flies was 437, representing 16 species. One species represents a new country record (Trichobius anducei) and five species represent first reports for Darién (Basilia anceps, Anatrichobius scorzai, Nycterophilia parnelli, T. johnsonae, T. parasiticus). All 74 bat fly species currently reported in Panama are presented in tabulated form. Of all screened bat flies, 30 bore Laboulbeniales fungi (7%). Based on both morphology and large ribosomal subunit (LSU) sequence data, we delimited 7 species of Laboulbeniales: Gloeandromyces nycteribiidarum (newly reported for Panama), G. pageanus, G. streblae, Nycteromyces streblidinus, and 3 undescribed species. Of the 30 infected flies, 21 were Trichobius joblingi. This species was the only host on which we observed double infections of Laboulbeniales.
巴拿马东部的达连省是世界上最未被探索且生物多样性最高的地区之一。位于马耶山脉的楚坎蒂自然保护区由多样的热带云雾森林生态系统组成。本研究的目的是探索和研究一个三方系统的宿主关联，该系统包括蝙蝠、寄生于蝙蝠的外寄生蝇（双翅目，蝠蝇科）以及以外寄生蝇为宿主的外寄生真菌（子囊菌门，虫囊菌目）。我们在楚坎蒂捕获蝙蝠，检查每只蝙蝠是否有蝠蝇，并且检查所收集的蝠蝇是否有虫囊菌目真菌。我们设置雾网68个雾网小时，捕获了代表17个物种的227只蝙蝠。我们捕获了施氏侏蝠，这是一种此前在达连未被报道过的物种。此外，我们还遇到了很少被采集到的背扁鼻蝠，这是该物种最西端的记录。在所有捕获的蝙蝠中，148只携带蝠蝇（65%）。所采集的蝠蝇数量为437只，代表16个物种。一个物种代表新的国家记录（安杜西蝠蚤），五个物种代表达连的首次记录（钝基巴西蝇、斯科尔扎无鬃蝠蚤、帕内利嗜夜蝇、约翰逊蝠蚤、寄生蝠蚤）。巴拿马目前报道的所有74种蝠蝇物种均以表格形式呈现。在所有检查的蝠蝇中，30只带有虫囊菌目真菌（7%）。基于形态学和大核糖体亚基（LSU）序列数据，我们界定了7种虫囊菌目真菌：蝙蝠双盘菌（新报道于巴拿马）、佩氏双盘菌、斯特氏双盘菌、蝠生菌、以及3个未描述的物种。在30只被感染的蝇中，21只是乔布林蝠蚤。该物种是我们观察到有虫囊菌目真菌双重感染的唯一宿主。
