Haelewaters Danny, Lubbers Maarten, De Kesel André
Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 31, 350 07, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
Research Group Mycology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
IMA Fungus. 2022 Jan 31;13(1):1. doi: 10.1186/s43008-021-00087-7.
Laboulbeniomycetes is a class of fungi that have obligate associations with arthropod hosts, either for dispersal (order Pyxidiophorales) or as biotrophic parasites (orders Herpomycetales and Laboulbeniales). Here, we focus on Herpomycetales and Laboulbeniales, which include fungi that form thalli, 3-dimensional, multicellular units of 1000 s of cells. Based on recently published data regarding patterns of speciation, we present the One-Host-One-Parasite model (1H1P) for haustorial thallus-forming Laboulbeniomycetes. We hypothesize that taxa with haustoria, rhizoidal structures that make contact with the host's body cavity, have very strict host specificity. For taxa without haustoria, the microhabitat-as selected by the host-governs host shifting, presence or absence of the fungus, abundance, effective host range, and geographic distribution. We make suggestions for future research including fluorescent labeling of waxy lipids and mass spectrometry. These techniques have the potential to generate the data necessary to evaluate the here proposed 1H1P hypothesis for Herpomycetales and Laboulbeniales.
虫囊菌纲是一类真菌，它们与节肢动物宿主存在专性关联，要么用于传播（Pyxidiophorales目），要么作为活体营养型寄生物（Herpomycetales目和Laboulbeniales目）。在此，我们聚焦于Herpomycetales目和Laboulbeniales目，其中包括能形成菌体的真菌，菌体是由数千个细胞构成的三维多细胞单元。基于最近发表的有关物种形成模式的数据，我们提出了针对形成吸器菌体的虫囊菌纲真菌的一宿主一寄生物模型（1H1P）。我们假设具有吸器（与宿主体腔接触的根状结构）的分类单元具有非常严格的宿主特异性。对于没有吸器的分类单元，由宿主选择的微生境决定宿主转移、真菌的存在与否、丰度、有效宿主范围和地理分布。我们对未来的研究提出了建议，包括蜡质脂质的荧光标记和质谱分析。这些技术有可能生成评估此处提出的针对Herpomycetales目和Laboulbeniales目的1H1P假设所需的数据。
