Ayer-LeLievre C, Seiger A
Department of Histology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Int J Dev Neurosci. 1985;3(3):267-77. doi: 10.1016/0736-5748(85)90031-0.
Substance P-like immunoreactivity (SPLI) has been observed in cell bodies of fetal cranial parasympathetic ganglia of rat. It first appears at day 16 of gestation at the same time as in cranial sensory ganglia. From day 17 to 21, SPLI neurons constitute most, if not all, submandibular-sublingual and intralingual ganglia, they form 30-40% of otic and pterygopalatine ganglia and numerous such neurons are found in the myenteric plexus of the esophagus as well as in pharyngeal and buccal walls. The immunoreactive material is thinly granular, and its appearance does not change with prenatal development. The immunoreactivity in cell bodies of parasympathetic ganglia decreases at the end of the gestational period, and cannot be evidenced any more in most cells of normal adult ganglia. However, the corresponding SPLI fibers remain intensely immunoreactive. When grafted to rat irides, which have been chemically depleted of intrinsic SPLI fibers, submandibular, otic and pterygopalatine ganglia from pre- or postnatal rats rapidly produce a large amount of SPLI fibers on the iris mimicking the pattern of sensory innervation. This proves the presence of SPLI neurons in adult parasympathetic ganglia, at least in experimental conditions. This study of fetuses and grafts demonstrates the existence of neurons in SPLI parasympathetic cranial ganglia which has been underestimated or ignored previously as a result of observations on adult ganglia. The very large proportion of SPLI neurons in the ganglia of the salivary gland might be of importance for the interpretation of experimental studies on the control of salivation. The presence of SPLI in all three types of peripheral ganglia, sensory, sympathetic and parasympathetic, raises the question of its functional significance in the different compartments of the peripheral nervous system.
在大鼠胎儿颅副交感神经节的细胞体中观察到了P物质样免疫反应性（SPLI）。它最早出现在妊娠第16天，与颅感觉神经节同时出现。从第17天到21天，SPLI神经元构成了大部分（如果不是全部）下颌下-舌下神经节和舌内神经节，它们占耳神经节和翼腭神经节的30%-40%，并且在食管肌间神经丛以及咽壁和颊壁中发现了许多这样的神经元。免疫反应物质呈细颗粒状，其外观在产前发育过程中没有变化。副交感神经节细胞体中的免疫反应性在妊娠期结束时降低，在正常成年神经节的大多数细胞中不再能检测到。然而，相应的SPLI纤维仍然具有强烈的免疫反应性。当移植到化学性去除了内在SPLI纤维的大鼠虹膜上时，来自产前或产后大鼠的下颌下、耳和翼腭神经节会在虹膜上迅速产生大量模仿感觉神经支配模式的SPLI纤维。这证明了成年副交感神经节中存在SPLI神经元，至少在实验条件下是这样。对胎儿和移植组织的这项研究证明了SPLI副交感颅神经节中神经元的存在，由于对成年神经节的观察，这些神经元以前被低估或忽视了。唾液腺神经节中SPLI神经元的比例非常高，这可能对解释唾液分泌控制的实验研究具有重要意义。SPLI在所有三种类型的外周神经节（感觉、交感和副交感）中的存在，引发了其在周围神经系统不同部分的功能意义的问题。
