College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
College of Water Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
Environ Int. 2014 Aug;69:177-99. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.04.014. Epub 2014 May 27.
Over the past few decades, numerous concerns have been raised in China over the issue of environmental sustainability. Various soil survey and monitoring programs have been carried out in China to study soil quality, and to provide a scientific basis for environment policy making. This paper provides an overview of past and current soil quality surveys and monitoring activities in China. This paper includes a summary of concerns over background concentrations of elements in soil, and soil environmental standards and guidelines in China. Levels of pollution in urban soil, agricultural soil, and soil in mining and smelting areas were compared using the concentrations and pollution indexes. In addition to soil surveys, soil monitoring is essential to study the data and to examine the effects of contaminants in soils. However, the current soil quality monitoring system was insufficient to accurately determine the soil quality status of soils across China. For accurate soil monitoring in China, it will be necessary to set up routine monitoring systems at various scales (national, provincial, and local scales), taking into consideration monitoring indicators and quality assurance. This is currently an important priority for the environmental protection administration of China.
在过去的几十年里，中国对环境可持续性问题提出了诸多关注。中国开展了各种土壤调查和监测计划，以研究土壤质量，并为环境政策制定提供科学依据。本文概述了过去和现在中国的土壤质量调查和监测活动。本文包括对土壤中元素背景浓度、中国土壤环境标准和指南的关注。通过浓度和污染指数比较了城市土壤、农业土壤和采矿及冶炼区土壤的污染程度。除了土壤调查外，土壤监测对于研究数据和研究土壤中污染物的影响至关重要。然而，目前的土壤质量监测系统不足以准确确定中国各地土壤的质量状况。为了在中国进行准确的土壤监测，有必要在不同规模（国家、省和地方）上建立常规监测系统，同时考虑监测指标和质量保证。这是中国环境保护部门目前的一个重要优先事项。
