School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China.
Institute of Environmental Friendly Materials and Occupational Health, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Wuhu 241002, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Nov 23;19(23):15522. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192315522.
To study the influence of open-pit coal mining on the surrounding soil environment and human health, this study selected the Hongshaquan coal mine in Xinjiang as the research area and took 31 soil samples from the dump and artificial forest of the mining area. The contents of seven heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) in the soil were analyzed. The pollution index method, geoaccumulation index method (I), potential ecological risk index method, health ecological risk assessment model and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to evaluate and analyze the heavy metal pollution, potential ecological risk and health ecological risk of the soil. The results showed that compared with the background value of soil in Xinjiang, except for Pb, other heavy metal elements were essentially pollution-free and belonged to the low ecological risk area. The health risk assessment model showed that Pb and As were the main pollution factors of noncarcinogenic risk, and that exposure to Ni, Pb and As had a lower carcinogenic risk. The PCA showed that Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, As and Zn in the dump were from transportation and industrial activities, Cd was from natural resources, and Cr, Zn, Ni, Cd and Pb were from transportation in the artificial forest. Cu came from industrial sources and As from soil parent material. The dump was more seriously disturbed by human factors than by artificial forests. Our research provides a reference for heavy metal pollution and source analysis caused by mining.
为了研究露天采煤对周围土壤环境和人类健康的影响，本研究选取新疆红沙泉煤矿为研究区，采集了矿区排土场和人工林的 31 个土壤样品。分析了土壤中七种重金属（As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb 和 Zn）的含量。采用污染指数法、地积累指数法（I）、潜在生态风险指数法、健康生态风险评价模型和主成分分析（PCA）对土壤重金属污染、潜在生态风险和健康生态风险进行了评价和分析。结果表明，与新疆土壤背景值相比，除 Pb 外，其他重金属元素基本无污染，属于低生态风险区。健康风险评估模型表明，Pb 和 As 是非致癌风险的主要污染因素，Ni、Pb 和 As 的暴露具有较低的致癌风险。PCA 表明，排土场中的 Cu、Cr、Ni、Pb、As 和 Zn 来自交通运输和工业活动，Cd 来自自然资源，Cr、Zn、Ni、Cd 和 Pb 来自交通运输人工林。Cu 来自工业源，As 来自土壤母质。排土场受人为因素的干扰比人工林更为严重。本研究为采矿引起的重金属污染和来源分析提供了参考。
