Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Road 172, 210009 Nanjing, PR China.
Nanjing Medical University, Hanzhong Road 140, 210029 Nanjing, PR China.
Chemosphere. 2014 Aug;108:33-9. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.02.080. Epub 2014 Apr 6.
To evaluate the current maternal and fetal exposure to cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and selenium (Se), and their potential effect on newborn birth outcomes, a cross-sectional study involving an assessment of the levels of these three metals in maternal blood, urine and umbilical cord blood was conducted in 209 pregnant women living in Eastern China. The maternal blood, urine and cord blood samples were collected and measured with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The maternal blood concentrations of Cd, Pb and Se (the geometric means (GMs) were 0.48, 39.50 and 143.53 μg L(-1)) were significantly higher than and correlated with those in the cord blood (GM: 0.09, 31.62 and 124.61 μg L(-1)). In the urine samples, the GMs for Cd, Pb and Se were 0.13, 0.48, and 4.78 μg L(-1), respectively. Passive smoking was found to positively correlate with urine Cd (r=0.16) and negatively correlate with urine Se (r=-0.29). The maternal blood Se level was negatively associated with the cord Cd levels (r=-0.41). The blood Cd concentration in the mother could significantly affect the newborn birth weight (r=-0.22), but it was not correlated with birth height. We identified cord Se as a new factor which significantly correlated with birth weight. In conclusion, maternal Cd, Pb, Se exposure correlated with their umbilical cord concentration, and maternal Cd exposure might affect the newborn birth weight. Increasing the Se intake might reduce the cord blood Cd concentration and promote the fetal growth.
为了评估当前母体和胎儿对镉（Cd）、铅（Pb）和硒（Se）的暴露水平及其对新生儿出生结局的潜在影响，本研究对生活在中国东部的 209 名孕妇进行了一项横断面研究，评估了这三种金属在母体血液、尿液和脐带血中的水平。采集了母体血液、尿液和脐带血样本，并采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）进行了测量。母体血液中 Cd、Pb 和 Se 的浓度（几何均数（GMs）分别为 0.48、39.50 和 143.53μg/L）明显高于脐带血中的浓度（GM：0.09、31.62 和 124.61μg/L），且三者呈正相关。在尿液样本中，Cd、Pb 和 Se 的 GMs 分别为 0.13、0.48 和 4.78μg/L。研究发现，被动吸烟与尿 Cd 呈正相关（r=0.16），与尿 Se 呈负相关（r=-0.29）。母体血液 Se 水平与脐带 Cd 水平呈负相关（r=-0.41）。母亲血液 Cd 浓度与新生儿出生体重显著负相关（r=-0.22），但与出生身高无相关性。本研究还发现脐带 Se 是一个与出生体重显著相关的新因素。总之，母体 Cd、Pb、Se 暴露与其脐带血浓度相关，母体 Cd 暴露可能影响新生儿出生体重。增加 Se 的摄入可能降低脐带血 Cd 浓度，促进胎儿生长。
