Pite H, Pereira A M, Morais-Almeida M, Nunes C, Bousquet J, Fonseca J A
Hospital CUF-Descobertas and Hospital CUF-Infante Santo, Immunoallergy Department, Lisbon, Portugal; Sociedade Portuguesa de Alergologia e Imunologia Clínica (SPAIC), Portugal; CEDOC, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Pharmacology Department, Lisbon, Portugal.
Hospital CUF-Descobertas and Hospital CUF-Infante Santo, Immunoallergy Department, Lisbon, Portugal; Sociedade Portuguesa de Alergologia e Imunologia Clínica (SPAIC), Portugal; Hospital S. João EPE, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Health Information and Decision Sciences Department, Porto, Portugal; Instituto e Hospital CUF Porto, Allergy Unit, Porto, Portugal.
Respir Med. 2014 Aug;108(8):1117-26. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2014.05.002. Epub 2014 May 14.
Asthma and rhinitis are frequent respiratory diseases in children and adults. Despite the increase in the aging population, there are few epidemiologic data on both diseases in the elderly. So far, no population-based study has analyzed the association between asthma and rhinitis symptoms and severity in this age group. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma in the population aged ≥65 years in mainland Portugal and to evaluate its association with the presence and classification of rhinitis according to ARIA recommendations, in this age group.
A cross-sectional, nationwide, population-based survey of individuals aged ≥65 years, living in mainland Portugal was performed.
Data were obtained from 3678 respondents. The prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma was 10.9% (95% confidence interval (95%CI) 9.9-11.9). The frequency of asthma diagnosis increased with the number of nasal symptoms (p < 0.001). A strong association between asthma and rhinitis was found (odds ratio (OR) 13.86 (95%CI 10.66-18.02)). The strength of this association increased with the persistence and severity of rhinitis, being particularly high in elderly subjects with moderate-severe persistent rhinitis (OR 39.9 (95%CI 27.5-58.0)).
Asthma is common in the elderly and strongly associated with rhinitis. The OR for asthma is especially high in persistent and severe ARIA classification rhinitis types. This study strengthens the need for an integrated assessment of asthma together with rhinitis in the elderly.
哮喘和鼻炎是儿童及成人常见的呼吸道疾病。尽管老年人口有所增加，但关于这两种疾病在老年人中的流行病学数据却很少。迄今为止，尚无基于人群的研究分析该年龄组中哮喘与鼻炎症状及严重程度之间的关联。本研究旨在估计葡萄牙大陆65岁及以上人群中医生诊断的哮喘患病率，并评估其与该年龄组中根据ARIA建议的鼻炎存在情况及分类之间的关联。
对居住在葡萄牙大陆的65岁及以上个体进行了一项全国性的横断面人群调查。
共获得3678名受访者的数据。医生诊断的哮喘患病率为10.9%（95%置信区间（95%CI）9.9 - 11.9）。哮喘诊断频率随鼻部症状数量的增加而升高（p < 0.001）。发现哮喘与鼻炎之间存在强关联（优势比（OR）13.86（95%CI 10.66 - 18.02））。这种关联的强度随鼻炎的持续时间和严重程度增加，在中重度持续性鼻炎的老年受试者中尤为高（OR 39.9（95%CI 27.5 - 58.0））。
哮喘在老年人中很常见，且与鼻炎密切相关。在持续性和重度ARIA分类的鼻炎类型中，哮喘的OR尤其高。本研究强化了对老年人哮喘与鼻炎进行综合评估的必要性。
