Kotze Marthinus J, Labuschagne Willemien
Dr. Kotze is a senior lecturer, Department of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, P.O. Box 1266, Pretoria, Gauteng 0001, South Africa, e-mail
Ms. Labuschagne is the operational manager for infection control, occupational health and quality assurance, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa.
J Am Dent Assoc. 2014 Jun;145(6):557-62. doi: 10.14219/jada.2014.14.
In the study reported in this article, the authors aimed to demonstrate the presence of blood on the surface and in the lumen of two gauges of dental needles after administration of local anesthetic (LA) by using three LA-administering techniques normally used for the extraction of teeth.
The authors obtained standardized photographs of 200 urine dipsticks after moistening the dipstick's chemical pads for blood with the first drop of liquid discharged from the needle lumen after LA administration. Using the histogram function of a software program, the authors analyzed differences in gray-scale values of the different blood parameters for the presence of blood. They used luminol spray to expose small quantities of blood on the surface of the needle after LA administration.
Blood was identified at 39 percent in the lumen and at 16 percent on the surface of the needles when analyzed after LA administration.
With the method used, it was possible to demonstrate and quantify the percentage of blood present in the lumen of needles (39 percent) after the administration of dental LA. Furthermore, the technique was adequately sensitive for demonstrating the quantity of blood in two needles of different diameters.
By demonstrating the presence, as well as quantifying the percentage, of blood on two dental needles of different gauges after the administration of LA, dental health care workers can be motivated to report needlestick injuries and to follow the approved protocols recommended by their institutions.
在本文所报道的研究中，作者旨在通过使用三种常用于拔牙的局部麻醉给药技术，来证明在注射局部麻醉剂（LA）后，两种规格牙科针的表面和管腔内存在血液。
作者在注射LA后，用从针管腔排出的第一滴液体湿润尿试纸的血液化学垫，获取了200张尿试纸的标准化照片。作者使用软件程序的直方图功能，分析了不同血液参数灰度值在有无血液方面的差异。他们使用鲁米诺喷雾来暴露注射LA后针表面的少量血液。
在注射LA后进行分析时，发现针管腔内有血液的占39%，针表面有血液的占16%。
使用该方法，可以证明并量化牙科LA注射后针管腔内存在血液的百分比（39%）。此外，该技术对于证明不同直径的两根针中的血液量具有足够的敏感性。
通过证明注射LA后不同规格的两根牙科针上血液的存在以及量化其百分比，牙科医护人员可能会更积极地报告针刺伤情况，并遵循其机构推荐的批准方案。
