Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701
Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701.
Poult Sci. 2014 Jun;93(6):1354-67. doi: 10.3382/ps.2013-03781.
Rearing broilers on flat or sloping wire flooring is an effective method for consistently triggering lameness attributable to bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis (BCO). Portable obstacles known as speed bumps (SB) also consistently trigger modest incidences of BCO when they are installed between feed and water lines in litter flooring facilities. Two experiments were conducted to determine the most effective broiler age for introducing the SB into litter flooring pens, and to evaluate alternative configurations of the traditional SB with the expectation that amplified mechanical challenges to the legs of broilers should increase the incidence of BCO. Broiler chicks obtained from commercial hatcheries (lines B and D in experiment 1, lines A and B in experiment 2) were reared in floor pens with ad libitum feed and water and a 23L:1D photoperiod. In experiment 1, the 5 floor treatments included wood shavings litter only (L), flat wire only (W), or litter plus SB installed at 14, 28, or 42 d of age. Line B was more susceptible to lameness than line D (25.9 vs. 15.3% for all treatments combined; P = 0.001). Both lines developed low incidences of lameness on L (11 to 13%), intermediate incidences on SB regardless of day of installation (12 to 23%), and high incidences on W (21 to 39%). In experiment 2, broilers were reared with 7 floor treatments, including L, W, SB with a 50% slope (SB50%); SB50% with a limbo bar installed over the apex; SB with a 66% slope and limbo bar; SB50% with a nipple water line suspended over the apex; and a pagoda-top SB. All SB were inserted on d 28. Line B was more susceptible to lameness than line A (20.2 vs. 16.1% for all treatments combined; P < 0.05), and for both lines combined the lameness percentages averaged 7.7 (L), 29.2 (W), 17.3 (SB50%), 16.2 (SB50% with a limbo bar), 21.5 (SB with a 66% slope and limbo bar), 20.8 (SB50% with a nipple water line), and 11.5% (pagoda-top). These studies demonstrate the portable SB can be effectively used to experimentally trigger BCO in broilers.
在平养或倾斜式金属丝网上饲养肉鸡是一种有效的方法，可以持续引发由细菌性软骨坏死和骨髓炎（BCO）引起的跛行。当便携式障碍物（SB）被安装在铺垫物饲养设施中的饲料和水线之间时，也会持续引发适度的 BCO 发生率。进行了两项实验来确定在铺垫物饲养笼中引入 SB 的最佳肉鸡年龄，并评估传统 SB 的替代配置，期望对肉鸡腿部施加更大的机械挑战，会增加 BCO 的发生率。肉鸡雏鸡从商业孵化场获得（实验 1 中的 B 系和 D 系，实验 2 中的 A 系和 B 系），在自由采食和饮水的地板笼中饲养，光照时间为 23L：1D。在实验 1 中，5 种地面处理包括仅木屑垫料（L）、仅平钢丝网（W）或在 14、28 或 42 日龄时安装垫料和 SB。B 系比 D 系更容易出现跛行（所有处理组合的 25.9%比 15.3%；P = 0.001）。两条线在 L 上的跛行发生率都较低（11%到 13%），无论安装日期如何，在 SB 上的跛行发生率都处于中等水平（12%到 23%），在 W 上的跛行发生率都较高（21%到 39%）。在实验 2 中，肉鸡用 7 种地面处理进行饲养，包括 L、W、安装在 50%坡度上的 SB（SB50%）、在尖端安装的 limbo 杆上的 SB50%、安装在 66%坡度上的 SB 和 limbo 杆、安装在尖端上的 SB50%乳头式饮水线和 pagoda-top SB。所有 SB 都在第 28 天插入。B 系比 A 系更容易出现跛行（所有处理组合的 20.2%比 16.1%；P<0.05），两条线的跛行百分比平均为 7.7%（L）、29.2%（W）、17.3%（SB50%）、16.2%（带 limbo 杆的 SB50%）、21.5%（安装在 66%坡度上的 SB 和 limbo 杆）、20.8%（带有乳头式饮水线的 SB50%）和 11.5%（pagoda-top）。这些研究表明，便携式 SB 可有效用于实验性地触发肉鸡的 BCO。
