神经伦理学四部分工作文献目录：第1部分：综述与述评——界定与描述该领域及其实践。

A four-part working bibliography of neuroethics: part 1: overview and reviews--defining and describing the field and its practices.

作者信息

Buniak Liana, Darragh Martina, Giordano James

机构信息

Neuroethics Studies Program, Edmund D, Pellegrino Center for Clinical Bioethics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA.

出版信息

Philos Ethics Humanit Med. 2014 May 16;9:9. doi: 10.1186/1747-5341-9-9.

DOI:10.1186/1747-5341-9-9

PMID:24885037

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4047768/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Neuroethics entails investigations of neurocognitive mechanisms of morality and ethics; and studies and address of the ethical issues spawned by the use of neuroscience and its technologies to investigate cognition, emotion and actions. These two principal emphases, or what have been called "traditions" of neuroethics both mirror traditional bioethical discussions (such as debates about the safety of technological and pharmaceutical advances and ethical implications of new scientific and technological discoveries), and engage discourse about neuroscientific investigations of (proto-moral and moral) cognition, emotions and behaviors, and what such findings may mean for human beliefs and conduct - from the individual to the political levels.Given the growth, range, and rapid maturation of the field of neuroethics we provide an iterative, four-part document that affords a repository of international papers, books, and chapters that address the field in overview, and present discussion(s) of more particular aspects and topics of neuroethics. This first installment lists reviews and overviews of the discipline, and broad summaries of basic developments and issues of the field.

METHODS

To systematically survey the neuroethics literature, searches were performed by accessing 11 databases, 8 additional literature depositories, and 4 individual journal searches using indexing language for National Library of Medicine (NLM) Medical Subject Heading databases. Searches and assurance against overlapping coverage were conducted using the RefWorks citation management program.

RESULTS

Overview, review and reflections upon the history and multicultural perspectives of neuroethics were obtained and relevant listings from international journals, books, and book chapters are provided. Part I will be followed by three installments that will address a): the neuroscience of morality and ethics, including discussions of free will, and personal autonomy; b) "second tradition neuroethics", to include specific ethical issues in neuroscience; clinical neuroethics; and c) neuroethics education/training; neuroethics and society; neuroethics and law; neuroethics and policy; and international neuroethics.

摘要

背景

神经伦理学涉及对道德和伦理的神经认知机制的研究；以及对因使用神经科学及其技术来研究认知、情感和行为而引发的伦理问题的研究与探讨。神经伦理学的这两个主要重点，或者说被称为神经伦理学“传统”的内容，既反映了传统生物伦理学的讨论（比如关于技术和药物进步的安全性以及新科技发现的伦理影响的辩论），也涉及关于对（原初道德和道德）认知、情感及行为的神经科学研究的论述，以及这些研究结果对于从个人到政治层面的人类信仰和行为可能意味着什么。鉴于神经伦理学领域的发展、范围和迅速成熟，我们提供了一份分四部分的迭代文档，它是一个国际论文、书籍及章节的宝库，对该领域进行了全面概述，并对神经伦理学更具体的方面和主题展开了讨论。这第一部分列出了该学科的综述和概述，以及该领域基本发展和问题的广泛总结。

方法

为了系统地调查神经伦理学文献，通过访问11个数据库、8个额外的文献库以及使用美国国立医学图书馆（NLM）医学主题词数据库的索引语言对4种独立期刊进行检索。使用RefWorks引文管理程序进行检索并确保无重复覆盖。

结果

获得了对神经伦理学历史和多元文化视角的概述、综述及思考，并提供了国际期刊、书籍和书籍章节的相关列表。第一部分之后将有三期内容，分别涉及：a）道德和伦理的神经科学，包括对自由意志和个人自主性的讨论；b）“神经伦理学的第二个传统”，包括神经科学中的具体伦理问题、临床神经伦理学；以及c）神经伦理学教育/培训、神经伦理学与社会、神经伦理学与法律、神经伦理学与政策以及国际神经伦理学。