Akarolo-Anthony Sally N, Willett Walter C, Spiegelman Donna, Adebamowo Clement A
Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
BMC Public Health. 2014 May 15;14:455. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-455.
BACKGROUND: Data from the WHO shows that the prevalence of overweight and obesity increased by ~20% between 2002 and 2010 in Nigeria. We conducted this study to examine the correlates of this fast growing epidemic. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study among a random sample of 1058 adults, who were visitors and staff of a government worksite in Abuja, an urban city in Nigeria. The study participants had varying socio-economic status and a wide range of occupations, including skilled labor and professionals. Log-binomial regression models were used to estimate the multivariable-adjusted associations of potential determinants with the prevalence of overweight and obesity. RESULT: The mean age and body-mass index of the study population were 42 years ± (9.3) and 27 kg/m2 ± (4.8). The overall prevalence of overweight or obesity (body-mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2) was 64% (74% of the women and 57% of the men). For women compared to men, the prevalence ratio (PR) and (95% confidence interval, CI) was 1.24 (95% CI 1.08, 1.43, p = 0.004), for overweight, and 2.54 (95% CI 2.08, 3.10, p = <0.0001), for obesity. Individuals aged 40 - 49 years were more likely to be overweight or obese. The PR for overweight and obesity was 1.45 (95% CI 1.07, 1.97), p for age trend = 0.002 and 8.07(95% CI 3.01, 21.66, p for age trend = <0.0001) for those aged 40 - 49 years, compared with those aged <30 years. Compared with the individuals in the lower socio-economic status, the PR for obesity among those in the middle and high socio-economic statuses, were 1.39 (95% CI 1.13, 1.72) and 1.24 (95% CI 0.97, 1.59) respectively, p for trend = 0.003. CONCLUSION: About two-thirds of urban, professional, high socio-economic status Nigerian adults are either overweight or obese. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among this population of adult Nigerians, is as high as it is in the United Kingdom. Female gender and older age were independent predictors of overweight and obesity; while middle or high socio-economic status were independently associated with obesity.
背景：世界卫生组织的数据显示，2002年至2010年间，尼日利亚超重和肥胖的患病率增长了约20%。我们开展了这项研究，以调查这一快速增长的流行病的相关因素。 方法：我们对1058名成年人进行了一项横断面研究，这些成年人是尼日利亚城市阿布贾一个政府工作场所的访客和工作人员。研究参与者具有不同的社会经济地位和广泛的职业，包括技术工人和专业人员。采用对数二项回归模型来估计潜在决定因素与超重和肥胖患病率之间的多变量调整关联。 结果：研究人群的平均年龄和体重指数分别为42岁±（9.3）和27kg/m²±（4.8）。超重或肥胖（体重指数≥25kg/m²）的总体患病率为64%（女性为74%，男性为57%）。与男性相比，女性超重的患病率比（PR）及（95%置信区间，CI）为1.24（95%CI 1.08，1.43，p = 0.004），肥胖的患病率比为2.54（95%CI 2.08，3.10，p = <0.0001）。40 - 49岁的个体更有可能超重或肥胖。与年龄<30岁的个体相比，40 - 49岁个体超重和肥胖的患病率比分别为1.45（95%CI 1.07，1.97），年龄趋势p值 = 0.002，肥胖的患病率比为8.07（95%CI 3.01，21.66，年龄趋势p值 = <0.0001）。与社会经济地位较低的个体相比，社会经济地位中等和较高个体肥胖的患病率比分别为1.39（95%CI 1.13，1.72）和1.24（95%CI 0.97，1.59），趋势p值 = 0.003。 结论：约三分之二的城市、职业、社会经济地位高的尼日利亚成年人体重超重或肥胖。这群尼日利亚成年人体超重和肥胖的患病率与英国一样高。女性和年龄较大是超重和肥胖的独立预测因素；而中等或较高的社会经济地位与肥胖独立相关。
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