价格和收入对尼日利亚含糖饮料需求的影响：使用几乎理想需求系统 (AIDS) 对家庭消费数据的分析。

Effect of price and income on the demand for sugar-sweetened beverages in Nigeria: an analysis of household consumption data using an almost ideal demand system (AIDS).

机构信息

Research Unit on the Economics of Excisable Products (REEP), School of Economics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa

Research Unit on the Economics of Excisable Products (REEP), School of Economics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa.

出版信息

BMJ Open. 2023 Aug 1;13(8):e072538. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072538.

DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072538

PMID:37527896

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10394539/

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

To estimate the own-price, cross-price and income elasticities for carbonated soft drinks (CSDs), malt drinks, chocolate powder, sachet water and sugar in Nigeria. These elasticities can be used to estimate the potential demand response to the recently-introduced sugar tax in Nigeria.

SETTING

The study uses household data from the 2018/2019 Nigeria Living Standards Survey (NLSS).

PARTICIPANTS

The NLSS is a national household survey. 21 114 households were included in the final sample for this analysis.

PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES

We used Deaton's almost ideal demand system, which controls for the goods' quality, to estimate the effect of price and income changes on the demand for CSDs, chocolate powder, malt drinks, sachet water and sugar.

RESULTS

We found that the own-price elasticity (ordered from most to least price-responsive) was -0.99 (p<0.01) for sachet water, -0.76 (p<0.01) for CSDs, -0.72 (p<0.01) for chocolate powder, -0.62 (p<0.01) for sugar and -0.19 (p<0.01) for malt drinks. The cross-price elasticities indicate that malt drinks and chocolate powders are substitutes of CSDs. The income elasticities indicate that all the commodities are normal goods. Sachet water had the highest income elasticity at 0.62 (p<0.01), followed by chocolate powder at 0.54 (p<0.01), CSDs at 0.47 (p<0.01), malt drinks at 0.43 (p<0.01) and sugar at 0.13 (p<0.01).

CONCLUSION

Even though the price elasticities for CSDs, malt drinks and chocolate powder are less than one, in absolute terms, they are significantly different from zero. Increases in the sugar-sweetened beverage tax could curb the demand for these beverages, and, in turn, reduce the incidence and prevalence of sugar-attributable diseases.

摘要

目的

估计尼日利亚碳酸软饮料（CSD）、麦芽饮料、巧克力粉、袋装水和糖的自价格、交叉价格和收入弹性。这些弹性可用于估计对尼日利亚最近引入的糖税的潜在需求反应。

设置

本研究使用 2018/2019 年尼日利亚生活水平调查（NLSS）的家庭数据。

参与者

NLSS 是一项全国性的家庭调查。最终样本中包含 21114 户家庭。

主要和次要结果

我们使用 Deaton 的几乎理想需求系统，该系统控制了商品的质量，以估计价格和收入变化对 CSD、巧克力粉、麦芽饮料、袋装水和糖需求的影响。

结果

我们发现，自价格弹性（按对价格最敏感的顺序排列）为：袋装水-0.99（p<0.01），CSD-0.76（p<0.01），巧克力粉-0.72（p<0.01），糖-0.62（p<0.01）和麦芽饮料-0.19（p<0.01）。交叉价格弹性表明，麦芽饮料和巧克力粉是 CSD 的替代品。收入弹性表明，所有商品都是正常商品。袋装水的收入弹性最高，为 0.62（p<0.01），其次是巧克力粉 0.54（p<0.01），CSD 为 0.47（p<0.01），麦芽饮料为 0.43（p<0.01），糖为 0.13（p<0.01）。