International Centre for Eye Health, Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
BMC Ophthalmol. 2014 May 1;14:60. doi: 10.1186/1471-2415-14-60.
No longitudinal data from population-based studies of eye disease in sub-Saharan-Africa are available. A population-based survey was undertaken in 2007/08 to estimate the prevalence and determinants of blindness and low vision in Nakuru district, Kenya. This survey formed the baseline to a six-year prospective cohort study to estimate the incidence and progression of eye disease in this population.
METHODS/DESIGN: A nationally representative sample of persons aged 50 years and above were selected between January 2007 and November 2008 through probability proportionate to size sampling of clusters, with sampling of individuals within clusters through compact segment sampling. Selected participants underwent detailed ophthalmic examinations which included: visual acuity, autorefraction, visual fields, slit lamp assessment of the anterior and posterior segments, lens grading and fundus photography. In addition, anthropometric measures were taken and risk factors were assessed through structured interviews. Six years later (2013/2014) all subjects were invited for follow-up assessment, repeating the baseline examination methodology.
The methodology will provide estimates of the progression of eye diseases and incidence of blindness, visual impairment, and eye diseases in an adult Kenyan population.
目前尚无来自撒哈拉以南非洲地区眼病的基于人群的纵向数据。2007/08 年进行了一项基于人群的调查，以估计肯尼亚纳库鲁地区失明和低视力的患病率和决定因素。该调查构成了一项为期六年的前瞻性队列研究的基线，以估计该人群中眼病的发病率和进展情况。
方法/设计：2007 年 1 月至 2008 年 11 月，通过聚类的大小成比例概率抽样，以及在聚类中通过紧凑段抽样对个体进行抽样，选择了 50 岁及以上的具有全国代表性的人群样本。选定的参与者接受了详细的眼科检查，包括：视力、自动折射、视野、裂隙灯检查前节和后节、晶状体分级和眼底摄影。此外，还进行了人体测量，并通过结构化访谈评估了危险因素。六年后（2013/2014 年），所有受试者均受邀参加随访评估，重复基线检查方法。
该方法将提供肯尼亚成年人中眼病进展和失明、视力损害以及眼病发病率的估计值。
