S Afr Med J. 2014 Mar;104(3 Suppl 1):224-7. doi: 10.7196/samj.7600.
Following major successes in malaria control over the past 75 years, South Africa is now embarking on a malaria elimination campaign with the goal of zero local transmission by the year 2018. The key control elements have been intensive vector control, primarily through indoor residual spraying, case management based on parasitological diagnosis using evidence-based drug policies with artemisinin-based combination therapy since 2001, active health promotion in partnership with communities living in the malaria transmission areas, and cross-border collaborations. Political commitment and long-term funding for the malaria control programme have been a critical component of the programme's success. Breaking the cycle of transmission through strengthening of active surveillance using sensitive molecular tests and field treatment of asymptomatic persons, monitoring for antimalarial drug resistance and insecticide resistance, strengthening cross-border initiatives, and ongoing programme advocacy in the face of a significant decrease in disease burden are key priorities for achieving the elimination goal.
在过去 75 年中，疟疾控制取得了重大成功，南非现正启动一项疟疾消除运动，目标是到 2018 年实现本地零传播。主要控制手段包括强化病媒控制，主要通过室内滞留喷洒，自 2001 年以来根据基于证据的药物政策，采用寄生虫学诊断进行病例管理，与疟疾传播地区的社区合作开展积极的卫生宣传，以及跨境合作。政治承诺和对疟疾控制规划的长期供资是该规划取得成功的关键因素。通过使用敏感的分子检测加强主动监测、对无症状者进行现场治疗、监测抗疟药物和杀虫剂耐药性、加强跨境举措以及在疾病负担显著减少的情况下持续开展规划宣传，这些是实现消除目标的关键优先事项。
