Koufaki Pelagia, Greenwood Sharlene A, Macdougall Iain C, Mercer Thomas H
Annu Rev Nurs Res. 2013;31:235-75. doi: 10.1891/0739-6686.31.235.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is becoming a serious health problem throughout the world and is one of the most potent known risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) which is considered the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in this cohort of patients. Additional independent risk factors for poor health outcomes among many include diabetes, physical inactivity and physical dysfunction. Physical inactivity partly contributes to the accelerated deterioration of physical function in people in all stages of CKD, to levels that significantly impact on clinically and patient important outcomes such as morbidity, employment, quality of life (QoL) and ultimately survival. Ongoing research aims to determine the effectiveness and impact of exercise rehabilitation on reducing/managing the risk of CVD, alleviating physical function limitations, preventing disability and enhancing QoL. Current research also aims to elucidate the mechanisms via which exercise therapy may contribute to clinically relevant benefits.
慢性肾脏病（CKD）正在成为全球范围内一个严重的健康问题，并且是已知的心血管疾病（CVD）最有力的风险因素之一，而心血管疾病被认为是这类患者发病和死亡的主要原因。在众多因素中，其他导致健康不良后果的独立风险因素包括糖尿病、缺乏身体活动和身体功能障碍。缺乏身体活动在一定程度上导致了CKD各阶段患者身体功能的加速衰退，达到了对发病率、就业、生活质量（QoL）以及最终生存等临床和患者重要结局产生显著影响的程度。正在进行的研究旨在确定运动康复在降低/管理CVD风险、减轻身体功能限制、预防残疾和提高QoL方面的有效性和影响。当前的研究还旨在阐明运动疗法可能带来临床相关益处的机制。
