Avidan Galia, Behrmann Marlene
Department of Psychology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel.
Front Biosci (Elite Ed). 2014 Jun 1;6(2):236-57. doi: 10.2741/E705.
The goal of the current paper is to review recent findings concerning the neural basis of congenital prosopagnosia (CP), a lifelong impairment in face processing that occurs in the absence of explicit brain damage. As such, CP offers a unique model for exploring the psychological and neural bases of normal face processing. We start by providing background about face perception and representation, and then review behavioral evidence gleaned from individuals with CP. We then review recent functional and structural neural investigations which offer a comprehensive account of the mechanisms underlying CP and support a characterization of this impairment as a disconnection syndrome rather than as a syndrome related to focal brain malfunction. We end the paper by offering a general framework for CP which, we believe, best integrates the behavioral and neural findings, and offers a platform for generating hypotheses for future studies. There remain many open issues in our understanding of CP and, to address these unanswered questions, we lay out several future research directions and testable hypotheses for further investigation.
本文的目的是回顾关于先天性面孔失认症（CP）神经基础的近期研究结果，这是一种在无明显脑损伤情况下出现的终身性面孔加工障碍。因此，CP为探索正常面孔加工的心理和神经基础提供了一个独特的模型。我们首先介绍面孔感知和表征的背景知识，然后回顾从CP患者身上收集到的行为证据。接着，我们回顾近期的功能和结构神经学研究，这些研究全面阐述了CP背后的机制，并支持将这种障碍表征为一种连接障碍综合征，而非与局灶性脑功能异常相关的综合征。我们在论文结尾提供了一个关于CP的总体框架，我们认为这个框架能最好地整合行为和神经学研究结果，并为未来研究生成假设提供一个平台。在我们对CP的理解中仍存在许多未解决的问题，为了解决这些未回答的问题，我们列出了几个未来的研究方向和可检验的假设以供进一步研究。
