Davis Matthew A, Li Zhigang, Gilbert-Diamond Diane, Mackenzie Todd A, Cottingham Kathryn L, Jackson Brian P, Lee Joyce S, Baker Emily R, Marsit Carmen J, Karagas Margaret R
1] Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA [2] Institute for Quantitative Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA.
1] Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA [2] Section of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Community and Family Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA.
J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2014 Sep-Oct;24(5):467-73. doi: 10.1038/jes.2014.38. Epub 2014 Jun 4.
A growing body of evidence suggests that in utero and early-life exposure to arsenic may have detrimental effects on children, even at the low to moderate levels common in the United States and elsewhere. In a sample of 170 mother-infant pairs from New Hampshire, we determined infant exposure to in utero arsenic by evaluating infant toenails as a biomarker using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Infant toenail arsenic concentration correlated with maternal postpartum toenail concentrations (Spearman's correlation coefficient 0.34). In adjusted linear models, a doubling of maternal toenail arsenic concentration was associated with a 53.8% increase in infant toenail arsenic concentration as compared with 20.4% for a doubling of maternal urine arsenic concentration. In a structural equation model, a doubling of the latent variable integrating maternal toenail and urine arsenic concentrations was associated with a 67.5% increase in infant toenail arsenic concentration. A similar correlation between infant and maternal postpartum toenail concentrations was observed in a validation cohort of 130 mother-infant pairs from Rhode Island. In utero exposure to arsenic occurs through maternal water and dietary sources, and infant toenails appear to be a reliable biomarker for estimating arsenic exposure during the critical window of gestation.
越来越多的证据表明，即使在美国和其他地方常见的低至中等水平下，子宫内及生命早期接触砷可能会对儿童产生有害影响。在来自新罕布什尔州的170对母婴样本中，我们通过使用电感耦合等离子体质谱法将婴儿脚趾甲作为生物标志物来评估婴儿子宫内砷暴露情况。婴儿脚趾甲中的砷浓度与母亲产后脚趾甲中的浓度相关（斯皮尔曼相关系数为0.34）。在调整后的线性模型中，母亲脚趾甲砷浓度翻倍与婴儿脚趾甲砷浓度增加53.8%相关，而母亲尿液砷浓度翻倍时这一增幅为20.4%。在一个结构方程模型中，将母亲脚趾甲和尿液砷浓度整合的潜在变量翻倍与婴儿脚趾甲砷浓度增加67.5%相关。在来自罗德岛的130对母婴的验证队列中，也观察到婴儿与母亲产后脚趾甲浓度之间存在类似的相关性。子宫内砷暴露通过母亲的水源和饮食来源发生，并且婴儿脚趾甲似乎是在妊娠关键期估算砷暴露的可靠生物标志物。
