2011 - 2012年美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）显示，高血压患者尿液中的重金属、邻苯二甲酸盐和砷含量较高，但对羟基苯甲酸酯含量不高。
Higher urinary heavy metal, phthalate, and arsenic but not parabens concentrations in people with high blood pressure, U.S. NHANES, 2011-2012.
作者信息
Shiue Ivy
机构信息
School of the Built Environment, Heriot-Watt University, Riccarton, EH14 4AS, Edinburgh, Scotland EH14 4AS, UK.
出版信息
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014 Jun 5;11(6):5989-99. doi: 10.3390/ijerph110605989.
Link between environmental chemicals and human health has emerged but not been completely examined in risk factors. Therefore, it was aimed to study the relationships of different sets of urinary environmental chemical concentrations and risk of high blood pressure (BP) in a national, population-based study. Data were retrieved from United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 2011-2012 including demographics, BP readings, and urinary environmental chemical concentrations. Analyses included chi-square test, t-test and survey-weighted logistic regression modeling. After full adjustment (adjusting for urinary creatinine, age, sex, ethnicity, and body mass index), urinary cesium (OR 1.56, 95%CI 1.11-2.20, P = 0.014), molybden (OR 1.46, 95%CI 1.06-2.01, P = 0.023), manganese (OR 1.42, 95%CI 1.09-1.86, P = 0.012), lead (OR 1.58, 95%CI 1.28-1.96, P < 0.001), tin (OR 1.44, 95%CI 1.25-1.66, P < 0.001), antimony (OR 1.39, 95%CI 1.10-1.77, P = 0.010), and tungsten (OR 1.49, 95%CI 1.25-1.77, P < 0.001) concentrations were observed to be associated with high BP. People with higher urinary mono-2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl phthalate (OR 1.33, 95%CI 1.00-1.62, P = 0.006), mono-n-butyl phthalate (OR 1.35, 95%CI 1.13-1.62, P = 0.002), mono-2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl (OR 1.25, 95%CI 1.05-1.49, P = 0.014), mono-n-methyl phthalate (OR 1.26, 95%CI 1.07-1.48, P = 0.007), mono-2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl (OR 1.25, 95%CI 1.07-1.48, P = 0.009), and monobenzyl phthalate (OR 1.40, 95%CI 1.15-1.69, P = 0.002) tended to have high BP as well. However, there are no clear associations between environmental parabens and high BP, nor between pesticides and high BP. In addition, trimethylarsine oxide (OR 2.47, 95%CI 1.27-4.81, P = 0.011) and dimethylarsonic acid concentrations (OR 1.42, 95%CI 1.12-1.79, P = 0.006) were seen to be associated with high BP. In sum, urinary heavy metal, phthalate, and arsenic concentrations were associated with high BP, although the causal effect cannot be established from the current study design. Elimination of environmental chemicals in humans would still need to be continued.
环境化学物质与人类健康之间的联系已显现，但在风险因素方面尚未得到全面研究。因此，在一项基于全国人群的研究中，旨在探讨不同组别的尿环境化学物质浓度与高血压风险之间的关系。数据取自2011 - 2012年美国国家健康与营养检查调查，包括人口统计学信息、血压读数和尿环境化学物质浓度。分析包括卡方检验、t检验和调查加权逻辑回归建模。在进行全面调整（校正尿肌酐、年龄、性别、种族和体重指数）后，观察到尿铯（比值比1.56，95%置信区间1.11 - 2.20，P = 0.014）、钼（比值比1.46，95%置信区间1.06 - 2.01，P = 0.023）、锰（比值比1.42，95%置信区间1.09 - 1.86，P = 0.012）、铅（比值比1.58，95%置信区间1.28 - 1.96，P < 0.001）、锡（比值比1.44，95%置信区间1.25 - 1.66，P < 0.001）、锑（比值比1.39，95%置信区间1.10 - 1.77，P = 0.010）和钨（比值比1.49，95%置信区间1.25 - 1.77，P < 0.001）浓度与高血压相关。尿中2 - 乙基 - 5 - 羧基戊基邻苯二甲酸单酯（比值比1.33，95%置信区间1.00 - 1.62，P = 0.006）、邻苯二甲酸单丁酯（比值比1.35，95%置信区间1.13 - 1.62，P = 0.002）、2 - 乙基 - 5 - 羟基己基邻苯二甲酸单酯（比值比1.25，95%置信区间1.05 - 1.49，P = 0.01）、邻苯二甲酸单甲酯（比值比1.26，95%置信区间1.07 - 1.48，P = 0.007）、2 - 乙基 - 5 - 氧代己基邻苯二甲酸单酯（比值比1.25，95%置信区间1.07 - 1.48，P = 0.009）和邻苯二甲酸单苄酯（比值比1.40，95%置信区间1.15 - 1.69，P = 0.002）较高的人也往往患有高血压。然而，环境对羟基苯甲酸酯与高血压之间以及农药与高血压之间没有明确关联。此外，观察到氧化三甲基胂（比值比2.47，95%置信区间1.27 - 4.81，P = 0.011）和二甲基胂酸浓度（比值比1.42，95%置信区间1.12 - 1.79，P = 0.006）与高血压相关。总之，尿重金属、邻苯二甲酸酯和砷浓度与高血压相关，尽管从当前研究设计无法确定因果关系。减少人体中的环境化学物质仍需继续。
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