Department of Epidemiology, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Epidemiology. 2011 Mar;22(2):153-61. doi: 10.1097/EDE.0b013e318207fdf2.
High chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic may contribute to the development of hypertension. Limited information is available, however, on the association of low to moderate exposure to inorganic arsenic with blood pressure levels and hypertension. We investigated the association of exposure to inorganic arsenic (as measured in urine) with systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels and the prevalence of hypertension in US adults.
We studied 4167 adults 20 years of age or older who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2003 through 2008 and for whom total arsenic, dimethylarsinate (DMA), and arsenobetaine had been assessed in urine.
The median (interquartile range) urine concentrations were 8.3 μg/L (4.2-17.1) for total arsenic, 3.6 μg/L (2.0-6.0) for DMA, and 1.4 μg/L (0.3-6.3) for arsenobetaine. The weighted prevalence of hypertension in the study population was 36%. After multivariable adjustment, a 2-fold increase in total arsenic was associated with a hypertension odds ratio of 0.98 (95% confidence interval = 0.86-1.11). A doubling of total arsenic minus arsenobetaine was associated with a hypertension OR of 1.03 (0.94-1.14) and a doubling of DMA concentrations was associated with a hypertension OR of 1.11 (0.99-1.24). Total arsenic, total arsenic minus arsenobetaine, or DMA levels were not associated with systolic or diastolic blood pressure.
At the low to moderate levels, typical of the US population, total arsenic, total arsenic minus arsenobetaine, and DMA concentrations in urine were not associated with the prevalence of hypertension or with systolic or diastolic blood pressure levels. A weak association of DMA with hypertension could not be ruled out.
长期慢性暴露于无机砷可能会导致高血压的发生。然而，关于低至中度暴露于无机砷与血压水平和高血压之间的关联，信息有限。我们调查了美国成年人尿液中无机砷（以尿液中测量）暴露与收缩压和舒张压水平以及高血压患病率之间的关系。
我们研究了 4167 名 20 岁及以上的成年人，他们参加了 2003 年至 2008 年期间的国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES），并对尿液中的总砷、二甲基砷酸（DMA）和砷甜菜碱进行了评估。
中位数（四分位距）尿液浓度分别为总砷 8.3μg/L（4.2-17.1）、DMA 3.6μg/L（2.0-6.0）和砷甜菜碱 1.4μg/L（0.3-6.3）。研究人群中高血压的加权患病率为 36%。经多变量调整后，总砷增加 2 倍与高血压比值比（OR）为 0.98（95%置信区间，0.86-1.11）。总砷减去砷甜菜碱增加 2 倍与高血压 OR 为 1.03（0.94-1.14），DMA 浓度增加 2 倍与高血压 OR 为 1.11（0.99-1.24）。总砷、总砷减去砷甜菜碱或 DMA 水平与收缩压或舒张压均无相关性。
在美国人群中，典型的低至中度水平，尿液中的总砷、总砷减去砷甜菜碱和 DMA 浓度与高血压的患病率或收缩压和舒张压水平均无相关性。不能排除 DMA 与高血压之间存在微弱关联。
