Hazell Tom J, Hamilton Craig D, Olver T Dylan, Lemon Peter W R
a Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Faculty of Arts and Science, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2014 Aug;39(8):944-50. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2013-0503. Epub 2014 Mar 18.
Data on whether sprint interval training (SIT) (repeated supermaximal intensity, short-duration exercise) affects body composition are limited, and the data that are available suggest that men respond more favourably than do women. Moreover, most SIT data involve cycling exercise, and running may differ because of the larger muscle mass involved. Further, running is a more universal exercise type. This study assessed whether running SIT can alter body composition (air displacement plethysmography), waist circumference, maximal oxygen consumption, peak running speed, and (or) the blood lipid profile. Fifteen recreationally active women (age, 22.9 ± 3.6 years; height, 163.9 ± 5.1 cm; mass, 60.8 ± 5.2 kg) completed 6 weeks of running SIT (4 to 6, 30-s "all-out" sprints on a self-propelled treadmill separated by 4 min of rest performed 3 times per week). Training decreased body fat mass by 8.0% (15.1 ± 3.6 to 13.9 ± 3.4 kg, P = 0.002) and waist circumference by 3.5% (80.1 ± 4.2 to 77.3 ± 4.4 cm, P = 0.048), whereas it increased fat-free mass by 1.3% (45.7 ± 3.5 to 46.3 ± 2.9 kg, P = 0.05), maximal oxygen consumption by 8.7% (46 ± 5 to 50 ± 6 mL/(kg·min), P = 0.004), and peak running speed by 4.8% (16.6 ± 1.7 to 17.4 ± 1.4 km/h, P = 0.026). There were no differences in food intake assessed by 3-day food records (P > 0.329) or in blood lipids (P > 0.595), except for a slight decrease in high-density lipoprotein concentration (1.34 ± 0.28 to 1.24 ± 0.24 mmol/L, P = 0.034). Running SIT is a time-efficient strategy for decreasing body fat while increasing aerobic capacity, peak running speed, and fat-free mass in healthy young women.
关于冲刺间歇训练（SIT，即重复进行超最大强度、短时长运动）是否会影响身体成分的数据有限，现有数据表明男性的反应比女性更有利。此外，大多数SIT数据涉及骑自行车运动，而跑步可能因涉及的肌肉量更大而有所不同。此外，跑步是一种更普遍的运动类型。本研究评估了跑步SIT是否会改变身体成分（空气置换体积描记法）、腰围、最大摄氧量、峰值跑步速度和（或）血脂谱。15名有休闲运动习惯的女性（年龄22.9±3.6岁；身高163.9±5.1厘米；体重60.8±5.2千克）完成了6周的跑步SIT（在自行驱动的跑步机上进行4至6次、每次30秒的“全力”冲刺，每次冲刺间隔4分钟休息，每周进行3次）。训练使体脂量减少了8.0%（从15.1±3.6千克降至13.9±3.4千克，P = 0.002），腰围减少了3.5%（从80.1±4.2厘米降至77.3±4.4厘米，P = 0.048），而瘦体重增加了1.3%（从45.7±3.5千克增至46.3±2.9千克，P = 0.05），最大摄氧量增加了8.7%（从46±5毫升/（千克·分钟）增至50±6毫升/（千克·分钟），P = 0.004），峰值跑步速度增加了4.8%（从16.6±1.7千米/小时增至17.4±1.4千米/小时，P = 0.026）。通过3天饮食记录评估的食物摄入量（P>0.329）或血脂（P>0.595）没有差异，除了高密度脂蛋白浓度略有下降（从1.34±0.28毫摩尔/升降至1.24±0.24毫摩尔/升），P = 0.034）。对于健康年轻女性而言，跑步SIT是一种在减少体脂的同时增加有氧能力、峰值跑步速度和瘦体重的高效策略。
