Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 (PU) Urbino, Italy.
Nutrients. 2020 Mar 21;12(3):843. doi: 10.3390/nu12030843.
A healthy lifestyle is based on a correct diet and regular exercise. Little is known about the effect of different types of exercise on dietary preferences. To address the question of whether high-intensity interval training (HIIT) could modulate spontaneous food choices, an experimental study was carried out on 32 young, healthy normal-weight subjects. The spontaneous diet of each subject has been monitored over nine weeks of indoor-cycling training, divided into three mesocycles with an incremental pattern: total energy intake, macronutrients and micronutrients have been analysed. A two-way mixed model has been used to assess differences in dietary variables; a principal factor analysis has been performed to identify sample subgroups. An increased energy intake (+17.8% at T3; < 0.01) has been observed, although macronutrients' proportions did not vary over time, without differences between sexes. An increase of free fat mass was found in the last mesocycle (+3.8%), without an augmentation of body weight, when, despite the increased training load, a stabilization of energy intake occurred. Three different subgroups characterized by different dietary modifications could be identified among participants that showed a common trend towards a healthier diet. Nine weeks of HIIT promoted a spontaneous modulation of food choices and regulation of dietary intake in young normal-weight subjects aged 21-24. Importantly, this life-period is critical to lay the foundation of correct lifestyles to prevent metabolic diseases and secure a healthy future with advancing age.
健康的生活方式基于正确的饮食和规律的运动。人们对不同类型的运动对饮食偏好的影响知之甚少。为了研究高强度间歇训练（HIIT）是否可以调节自发性食物选择，对 32 名年轻健康的正常体重受试者进行了一项实验研究。在 9 周的室内自行车训练中监测了每个受试者的自发性饮食，分为三个递增模式的中周期：分析了总能量摄入、宏量营养素和微量营养素。采用双向混合模型评估饮食变量的差异；进行了主成分分析以确定样本亚组。观察到能量摄入增加（T3 时增加 17.8%；<0.01），尽管随着时间的推移宏量营养素的比例没有变化，且男女之间没有差异。最后一个中周期发现游离脂肪量增加（+3.8%），体重没有增加，尽管训练负荷增加，但能量摄入稳定。在表现出更健康饮食共同趋势的参与者中，可以识别出三个不同的亚组，其饮食变化不同。9 周的 HIIT 促进了年轻正常体重（21-24 岁）受试者自发性食物选择的调节和饮食摄入的调节。重要的是，这个生命阶段对于奠定正确生活方式的基础至关重要，以预防代谢疾病，并确保随着年龄的增长拥有健康的未来。
