Islamic Azad University, Tehran medical Branch, Shariati St. Zargande, Tehran 14689-54311, Iran.
Environmental and Occupational Health centre, Ministry of Health and Medical, Education, Hafez St, Tehran, Iran.
J Environ Health Sci Eng. 2014 Apr 23;12:71. doi: 10.1186/2052-336X-12-71. eCollection 2014.
One of the most problems in developing countries is the integrated waste management and the effects on Greenhouse Gases (GHG) emission, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is used in this paper as a decision supporting tool in planning Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) managements.
In this paper the EPA's Waste Reduction Model (WARM) that provide GHG emission factors for waste stream components that are based on life Cycle Inventory (LCI) framework were used and The MSW management methods comprised in seven scenarios.
The amount of GHG which was generated from Iran's waste sector estimated about 17836079 Metric Tons of Carbon dioxide Equivalents (MT CO2e) in this study. The lowest amount of GHG was generated by LFG capture system with energy recovery (557635 MT CO2e), while Incineration of materials being sent to landfill (1756823 MT CO2e), Landfill Gas (LFG) capture system with flaring (2929150 MT CO2e) and Improved source reduction and recycling (4780278 MT CO2e) emitted fewer GHG than the other scenarios. Lowest levels of gross energy consumption occur in source reduction with recycling and composting (-89356240 Mega British Thermal Unit, M BTU), recycling and composting (-86772060 M BTU) as well as Improved source reduction with recycling and composting (-54794888 M BTU).
It appears that recycling and composting each offer significant GHG emissions and energy consumption reductions (scenarios 4, 5 and 6). Upon of the GHG emission and energy consumption results concluded that improved source reduction and recycling scenario has been the Balanced and appropriate technology for handling the solid waste streams in municipalities.
发展中国家面临的一个主要问题是综合废物管理以及温室气体（GHG）排放的影响。本文将生命周期评估（LCA）作为一种决策支持工具，用于规划城市固体废物（MSW）管理。
本文使用 EPA 的废物减排模型（WARM），该模型提供了基于生命周期清单（LCI）框架的废物流成分的 GHG 排放因子，将 MSW 管理方法分为七种情景。
本研究估计伊朗废物部门产生的 GHG 量约为 17836079 公吨二氧化碳当量（MT CO2e）。产生 GHG 最少的情景是具有能源回收的 LFG 捕获系统（557635 MT CO2e），而送往垃圾填埋场的材料焚烧（1756823 MT CO2e）、具有火炬燃烧的 LFG 捕获系统（2929150 MT CO2e）和改进的源头减排和回收（4780278 MT CO2e）产生的 GHG 少于其他情景。在源头减排与回收和堆肥（-89356240 百万英热单位，M BTU）、回收与堆肥（-86772060 M BTU）以及改进的源头减排与回收和堆肥（-54794888 M BTU）中，总能耗最低。
回收和堆肥似乎都能显著减少 GHG 排放和能源消耗（情景 4、5 和 6）。根据 GHG 排放和能源消耗的结果得出，改进的源头减排和回收情景是处理城市固体废物的平衡和适当技术。
