Medical Department (Gastroenterology/Rheumatology/Infectious Diseases), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin Hindenburgdamm 30, DE - 12200 Berlin, Germany.
Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2014 Jun;28(3):399-409. doi: 10.1016/j.bpg.2014.04.001. Epub 2014 May 2.
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) with its two major forms Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are chronic relapsing disorders leading to inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Although the precise aetiology of IBD remains unclear, several factors are believed to contribute to disease pathogenesis. Among these, the role of the intestinal microbiota has become more and more appreciated. Evidence from experimental and clinical studies strongly suggests that chronic intestinal inflammation results from a dysregulated immune response towards components of the microbiota in genetically susceptible hosts. The growing perception of the microbiota as a major driver of disease pathogenesis raises the question, if the intestinal microbiota can be used as a therapeutic target in CD. Based on what we know about host microbiota interactions in health and disease, the objective of this review is to address the question if the microbiota holds the key to the future therapy in CD.
炎症性肠病（IBD）包括两种主要形式，即克罗恩病（CD）和溃疡性结肠炎（UC），是导致胃肠道炎症的慢性复发性疾病。尽管 IBD 的确切病因尚不清楚，但有几个因素被认为与疾病的发病机制有关。其中，肠道微生物群的作用越来越受到重视。来自实验和临床研究的证据强烈表明，慢性肠道炎症是由于遗传易感宿主对微生物群成分的免疫反应失调引起的。越来越多的人认为微生物群是疾病发病机制的主要驱动因素，这就提出了一个问题，如果肠道微生物群可以作为 CD 的治疗靶点。基于我们对健康和疾病中宿主微生物群相互作用的了解，本综述的目的是探讨微生物群是否是 CD 未来治疗的关键。
