Makarova Elina, Górnaś Paweł, Konrade Ilze, Tirzite Dace, Cirule Helena, Gulbe Anita, Pugajeva Iveta, Seglina Dalija, Dambrova Maija
Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles Street 21, LV-1006, Riga, Latvia.
J Sci Food Agric. 2015 Feb;95(3):560-8. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.6779. Epub 2014 Jul 4.
The health-promoting properties of apples are directly related to the biologically active compounds that they contain, such as polyphenols. The objective of this study was to prepare a low-sugar, fibre- and phlorizin-enriched powder from unripe apples and to gain insight regarding its anti-hyperglycaemic activity in healthy volunteers.
The unripe apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) were collected 30 days after the full bloom day; blanched and pressed to obtain apple pomace which was then processed with a food cutter, oven-dried and milled to prepare apple powder. The concentrations of total sugars, water-soluble pectin and phlorizin in the apple preparation were 153.44 ± 2.46, 27.73 ± 0.51 and 12.61 ± 0.15 g kg(-1), respectively. Acute ingestion of the apple preparation improved glucose metabolism in the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in six healthy volunteers by reducing the postprandial glucose response at 15 to 30 min by approximately two-fold (P < 0.05) and by increasing urinary glucose excretion during the 2- to 4-h interval of the OGTT by five-fold (P < 0.05).
The results obtained indicate that the dried and powdered pomace of unripe apples can be used as a health-promoting natural product for the reduction of postprandial glycaemia and to improve the health of patients with diabetes.
苹果的健康促进特性与其所含的生物活性化合物直接相关，如多酚类。本研究的目的是从未成熟苹果中制备一种低糖、富含纤维和根皮苷的粉末，并深入了解其对健康志愿者的抗高血糖活性。
在盛花日后30天收集未成熟苹果（苹果属）；进行热烫和压榨以获得苹果渣，然后用食品切碎机处理，经烘箱干燥和研磨以制备苹果粉。苹果制品中总糖、水溶性果胶和根皮苷的浓度分别为153.44±2.46、27.73±0.51和12.61±0.15 g·kg⁻¹。在口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）中，六名健康志愿者急性摄入该苹果制品可改善葡萄糖代谢，在15至30分钟时餐后血糖反应降低约两倍（P<0.05），并在OGTT的2至4小时期间使尿葡萄糖排泄增加五倍（P<0.05）。
所得结果表明，未成熟苹果的干燥和粉末状果渣可作为一种促进健康的天然产品，用于降低餐后血糖和改善糖尿病患者的健康状况。
