Prasad Vinayaka R, Bukrinsky Michael I
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
mBio. 2014 Jun 10;5(3):e01396-14. doi: 10.1128/mBio.01396-14.
A small percentage of HIV-infected subjects (2 to 15%) are able to control disease progression for many years without antiretroviral therapy. Years of intense studies of virologic and immunologic mechanisms of disease control in such individuals yielded a number of possible host genes that could be responsible for the preservation of immune functions, from immune surveillance genes, chemokines, or their receptors to anti-HIV restriction factors. A recent mBio paper by Rappocciolo et al. (G. Rappocciolo, M. Jais, P. Piazza, T. A. Reinhart, S. J. Berendam, L. Garcia-Exposito, P. Gupta, and C. R. Rinaldo, mBio 5:e01031-13, 2014) describes another potential factor controlling disease progression: cholesterol levels in antigen-presenting cells. In this commentary, we provide a brief background of the role of cholesterol in HIV infection, discuss the results of the study by Rappocciolo et al., and present the implications of their findings.
一小部分感染HIV的受试者（2%至15%）能够在不接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的情况下控制疾病进展多年。多年来，对这类个体疾病控制的病毒学和免疫学机制进行了深入研究，发现了许多可能负责维持免疫功能的宿主基因，从免疫监视基因、趋化因子或其受体到抗HIV限制因子。Rappocciolo等人最近发表在《mBio》杂志上的一篇论文（G. Rappocciolo、M. Jais、P. Piazza、T. A. Reinhart、S. J. Berendam、L. Garcia-Exposito、P. Gupta和C. R. Rinaldo，《mBio》5：e01031-13，2014）描述了另一个控制疾病进展的潜在因素：抗原呈递细胞中的胆固醇水平。在这篇评论中，我们简要介绍了胆固醇在HIV感染中的作用背景，讨论了Rappocciolo等人的研究结果，并阐述了他们研究结果的意义。
