Institute of Sport Science, University of Regensburg Regensburg, Germany.
School of Interactive Arts and Technology, Simon Fraser University, Surrey BC, Canada.
Front Psychol. 2014 Jun 3;5:505. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00505. eCollection 2014.
This experiment investigated the influence of motor expertise on object-based versus egocentric transformations in a chronometric mental rotation task using images of either the own or another person's body as stimulus material. According to the embodied cognition viewpoint, we hypothesized motor-experts to outperform non-motor experts specifically in the egocentric condition because of higher kinesthetic representation and motor simulations compared to object-based transformations. In line with this, we expected that images of the own body are solved faster than another person's body stimuli. Results showed a benefit of motor expertise and representations of another person's body, but only for the object-based transformation task. That is, this other-advantage diminishes in egocentric transformations. Since motor experts did not show any specific expertise in rotational movements, we concluded that using human bodies as stimulus material elicits embodied spatial transformations, which facilitates performance exclusively for egocentric transformations. Regarding stimulus material, the other-advantage ascribed to increased self-awareness-consciousness distracting attention-demanding resources, disappeared in the egocentric condition. This result may be due to the stronger link between the bodily self and motor representations compared to that emerging in object-based transformations.
本实验采用自身或他人身体的图像作为刺激材料，在计时心理旋转任务中研究了运动专长对以物体为中心与以自我为中心的转换的影响。根据具身认知观点，我们假设运动专家在以自我为中心的条件下表现优于非运动专家，因为与以物体为中心的转换相比，他们具有更高的运动表象和运动模拟。与此一致，我们预计自身身体的图像比他人身体的图像刺激更快地得到解决。结果表明，运动专长和他人身体的表象都有优势，但仅适用于以物体为中心的转换任务。也就是说，这种他人优势在以自我为中心的转换中会减弱。由于运动专家在旋转运动方面没有表现出任何特殊专长，我们得出结论，使用人体作为刺激材料会引发具身空间转换，这仅有利于以自我为中心的转换。就刺激材料而言，归因于自我意识增加而分散注意力的资源需求的他人优势，在以自我为中心的条件下消失了。这一结果可能是由于身体自我和运动表象之间的联系比在以物体为中心的转换中更紧密。
