癌症青少年的治疗环境、临床试验参与以及后续结果：文献综述。
Treatment setting, clinical trial enrollment, and subsequent outcomes among adolescents with cancer: a literature review.
机构信息
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia;
SciMetrika LLC, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; and.
出版信息
Pediatrics. 2014 Jun;133 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):S91-7. doi: 10.1542/peds.2014-0122C.
BACKGROUND
There has been an overall improvement in survival rates for persons with cancer over the past 35 years. However, these gains are less prevalent among adolescents with cancer aged 15 to 19 years, which may be due to lower clinical trial enrollment among adolescents with cancer.
METHODS
We conducted a literature review to assess current research regarding clinical trial enrollment and subsequent outcomes among adolescents with cancer. The search included English-language publications that reported original data from January 1985 to October 2011.
RESULTS
The search identified 539 records. Of these 539 records, there were 30 relevant original research articles. Multiple studies reported that adolescents with cancer are enrolled in clinical trials at lower rates compared with younger children and older adults. Treatment setting, physician type, and institution type may all be factors in the low enrollment rate among adolescents. Few data focused solely on adolescents, with many studies combining adolescents with young adults. The number of available studies related to this topic was limited, with significant variability in study design, methods, and outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS
This literature review suggests that adolescents with cancer are not treated at optimal settings and are enrolled in clinical trials at low rates. This may lead to inferior treatment and poor subsequent medical and psychosocial outcomes. The scarcity in data further validates the need for additional research focusing on this population.
背景
在过去的 35 年中，癌症患者的总体生存率得到了全面提高。然而，15 至 19 岁的青少年癌症患者的这一获益较少，这可能是由于青少年癌症患者临床试验的参与率较低。
方法
我们进行了文献回顾，以评估目前关于青少年癌症患者临床试验参与率和后续结果的研究。搜索包括报告 1985 年 1 月至 2011 年 10 月原始数据的英文出版物。
结果
搜索共确定了 539 条记录。其中有 30 篇相关的原始研究文章。多项研究报告称，与年龄较小的儿童和老年人相比，青少年癌症患者参与临床试验的比例较低。治疗环境、医生类型和机构类型都可能是青少年参与率低的因素。很少有研究专门针对青少年，许多研究将青少年和年轻人结合在一起。与这一主题相关的研究数量有限，研究设计、方法和结果存在很大差异。
结论
本文献综述表明，青少年癌症患者未在最佳环境中接受治疗，且参与临床试验的比例较低。这可能导致治疗效果不佳和随后较差的医疗和心理社会结果。数据的缺乏进一步证明了需要进行更多关注这一人群的研究。
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